Rules about Sultan’s Taxes on Taxpayers
Al-Kāfi|Volume 3|Book 5|Chapter 25
1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ أَبِي أَتَوْهُ فَسَأَلُوهُ عَمَّا يَأْخُذُ السُّلْطَانُ فَرَقَّ لَهُمْ وَإِنَّهُ لَيَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الزَّكَاةَ لاَ تَحِلُّ إِلاَّ لأَهْلِهَا فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَحْتَسِبُوا بِهِ فَجَالَ فِكْرِي وَالله لَهُمْ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ يَا أَبَةِ إِنَّهُمْ إِنْ سَمِعُوا إِذاً لَمْ يُزَكِّ أَحَدٌ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ حَقٌّ أَحَبَّ الله أَنْ يُظْهِرَهُ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ’Abd af-Rahman ibn af-Hajjaj from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah عليه السلام, say, ‘Once companions of my father came to him and asked about the money that al-Sultan (the ruler) makes them to pay. My father sympathized with them, knowing that receiving Zakat is not lawful unless one is a proper beneficiary, he instructed them to count such payment as Zakat. I, by Allah, thought about them and then said to my father, “Father, if they hear it, no one, thereafter, will pay Zakat (to proper beneficiaries).” My father said, “Son, it is a truth that Allah loves to be expressed.’””
- Mirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (16/78)
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Kāfī
2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الْعُشُورِ الَّتِي تُؤْخَذُ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ أَ يَحْتَسِبُ بِهَا مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ شَاءَ.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ya’qub ibn Shu’ayb who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah عليه السلام, about a man who is made (by the ruler) to pay one out of ten if he can count it as Zakat. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so if he wants.’”
- Mirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (6/79)
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Kāfī
3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَرِثُ الأرْضَ أَوْ يَشْتَرِيهَا فَيُؤَدِّي خَرَاجَهَا إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ عُشْرٌ قَالَ لاَ.
3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Rifa‘ah ibn Musa who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah عليه السلام, about a man who inherits a piece of land or buys it then pays its taxes to al-Sultan (the ruler), is he required to pay one out of ten (as Zakat)? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he is not required to pay.’”
- Mirʾāt al-ʿUqūl fī Sharḥ Akhbār Āl al-Rasūl (16/79)
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Kāfī
4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عِيصِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي الزَّكَاةِ فَقَالَ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْكُمْ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ فَاحْتَسِبُوا بِهِ وَلاَ تُعْطُوهُمْ شَيْئاً مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ فَإِنَّ الْمَالَ لاَ يَبْقَى عَلَى هَذَا أَنْ تُزَكِّيَهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ.
4. Muhammad ibn ’Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Is ibn al-Qasim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah عليه السلام, has said, ‘Whatever banu ‘Umayyah make you to pay, count it (as Zakat) and do not give anything to them if you can; no assets will be left if you pay twice.’”
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Kāfī
5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ الْيَسَعِ أَنَّهُ حَيْثُ أَنْشَأَ سَهْلَآبَادَ وَسَأَلَ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَمَّا يُخْرَجُ مِنْهَا مَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ السُّلْطَانُ يَأْخُذُ خَرَاجَهَا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ شَيْءٌ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَأْخُذِ السُّلْطَانُ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً فَعَلَيْكَ إِخْرَاجُ عُشْرِ مَا يَكُونُ فِيهَا.
5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd Allah ibn Malik from abu Qatadah from Sahl ibn al- Yasa’ who after establishing Sahl Abad asked abu al-Hassan Musa عليه السلام, the following: “Sahl once asked abu al-Hassan, Musa عليه السلام, about what he pays to al-Sultan (the ruler). He (the Imam) said, ‘If al-Sultan (the ruler) receives its Kharaj (taxes) there is not anything on you; but if al-Sultan (the ruler) does not receive anything, then you pay one out of ten of whatever is due.’”
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Kāfī
6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ آبَائِهِ (عَلَيْهِم الْسَّلام) قَالَ مَا أَخَذَهُ مِنْكَ الْعَاشِرُ فَطَرَحَهُ فِي كُوزَةٍ فَهُوَ مِنْ زَكَاتِكَ وَمَا لَمْ يَطْرَحْ فِي الْكُوزِ فَلاَ تَحْتَسِبْهُ مِنْ زَكَاتِكَ.
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far عليه السلام, has narrated from his ancestor, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, this Hadith. ‘Whatever the collector of one out of ten (Zakat collector) charges you and deposits it in the mug (the safe), it is your Zakat. If he does not do so then do not count it as your Zakat.’”
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Kāfī