Chapter on the Hajj of Children
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 2|Book 3|Chapter 92
رَوَى زُرَارَةُ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا حَجَّ اَلرَّجُلُ بِابْنِهِ وَ هُوَ صَغِيرٌ، فَإِنَّهُ يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يُلَبِّيَ وَ يَفْرِضَ اَلْحَجَّ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُحْسِنْ أَنْ يُلَبِّيَ لَبَّى عَنْهُ وَ يُطَافُ بِهِ وَ يُصَلَّى عَنْهُ » قُلْتُ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ مَا يَذْبَحُونَ عَنْهُ قَالَ «يُذْبَحُ عَنِ اَلصِّغَارِ وَ يَصُومُ اَلْكِبَارُ وَ يُتَّقَى عَلَيْهِمْ مَا يُتَّقَى عَلَى اَلْمُحْرِمِ مِنَ اَلثِّيَابِ وَ اَلطِّيبِ فَإِنْ قَتَلَ صَيْداً فَعَلَى أَبِيهِ ».
Zurara narrated from one of the Imams عليه السلام, who said: "If a man takes his young child for Hajj, he instructs him to recite the Talbiyah and obligates the Hajj upon him. If the child cannot recite the Talbiyah properly, the father recites it on his behalf. The child is carried for Tawaf, and prayers are performed on his behalf." I asked: "What if they do not have the means to slaughter (an animal) on his behalf?" Imam عليه السلام said: "An animal is slaughtered for the children, while the adults fast. The same restrictions of Ihram regarding clothing and fragrance apply to the child. However, if the child kills game, the liability falls upon the father."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ أَخِي أُدَيْمٍ قَالَ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مِنْ أَيْنَ يُجَرَّدُ اَلصِّبْيَانُ فَقَالَ «كَانَ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُجَرِّدُهُمْ مِنْ فَخٍّ ».
It was narrated from Ayyub, the brother of Udaym, who said: Abu Abdullah عليه السلام was asked: "From where are the children stripped (for Ihram)?" Imam عليه السلام said: "My father عليه السلام used to strip them at Fakh."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 157
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ مَعِي صِبْيَةً صِغَاراً وَ أَنَا أَخَافُ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلْبَرْدَ فَمِنْ أَيْنَ يُحْرِمُونَ فَقَالَ «اِئْتِ بِهِمُ اَلْعَرْجَ فَلْيُحْرِمُوا مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ اَلْعَرْجَ وَقَعْتَ فِي تِهَامَةَ » ثُمَّ قَالَ «فَإِنْ خِفْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَائْتِ بِهِمُ اَلْجُحْفَةَ ».
It was narrated from Yunus ibn Ya'qub, from his father, who said: I said to Abu Abdullah عليه السلام: "I have young children with me, and I fear the cold for them. From where should they enter the state of Ihram?" Imam عليه السلام said: "Take them to Al-‘Arj, and let them enter Ihram from there, for when you reach Al-‘Arj, you will have entered Tihamah." Then Imam عليه السلام added: "If you still fear for them, take them to Al-Juhfah."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 157
وَ رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «اُنْظُرُوا مَنْ كَانَ مَعَكُمْ مِنَ اَلصِّبْيَانِ فَقَدِّمُوهُ إِلَى اَلْجُحْفَةِ أَوْ إِلَى بَطْنِ مَرٍّ وَ يُصْنَعُ بِهِمْ مَا يُصْنَعُ بِالْمُحْرِمِ وَ يُطَافُ بِهِمْ وَ يُرْمَى عَنْهُمْ وَ مَنْ لاَ يَجِدُ اَلْهَدْيَ مِنْهُمْ فَلْيَصُمْ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ يَضَعُ اَلسِّكِّينَ فِي يَدِ اَلصَّبِيِّ ثُمَّ يَقْبِضُ عَلَى يَدِهِ اَلرَّجُلُ فَيَذْبَحُ.
Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who said: "Look at the children who are with you. Take them to Al-Juhfah or Batn Marr, and treat them as you would treat those in the state of Ihram. Perform Tawaf for them, throw (the pebbles) on their behalf, and if they cannot offer the sacrifice, their guardian should fast on their behalf. Imam Ali ibn Al-Husayn عليه السلام used to place the knife in the child's hand, then an adult would hold the child's hand to perform the slaughter."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 157
وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَمَرَ غِلْمَانَهُ أَنْ يَتَمَتَّعُوا قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ عَنْهُمْ» قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْطَاهُمْ دَرَاهِمَ فَبَعْضُهُمْ ضَحَّى وَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَمْسَكَ اَلدَّرَاهِمَ وَ صَامَ قَالَ «قَدْ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُمْ وَ هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهَا » قَالَ قَالَ «وَ لَوْ أَنَّهُ أَمَرَهُمْ فَصَامُوا كَانَ قَدْ أَجْزَأَ عَنْهُمْ ».
It was narrated that Sama'ah asked Imam عليه السلام about a man who instructed his servants to perform Tamattu‘ (Umrah and Hajj combined). Imam عليه السلام said: "It is incumbent upon him to offer the sacrifice on their behalf." I said: "What if he gave them dirhams, and some of them offered the sacrifice while others kept the dirhams and chose to fast?" Imam عليه السلام said: "It is sufficient for them, and he has the choice to leave it as is if he wishes." Imam عليه السلام further said: "If he had commanded them to fast instead, it would have sufficed for them."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى صَفْوَانُ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اِبْنِ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ يَحُجُّ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ حَجَّةُ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ إِذَا اِحْتَلَمَ وَ كَذَلِكَ اَلْجَارِيَةُ عَلَيْهَا اَلْحَجُّ إِذَا طَمِثَتْ».
Safwan narrated from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I asked Abu al-Hasan عليه السلام about a ten-year-old boy performing Hajj. Imam عليه السلام said: "The Hajj of Islam becomes obligatory upon him if he reaches puberty, and likewise for a girl—it becomes obligatory upon her when she begins menstruating."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 157
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ اَلثَّانِيَ عَنِ اَلصَّبِيِّ مَتَى يُحْرَمُ بِهِ قَالَ «إِذَا اِثَّغَرَ».
It was narrated from Ali ibn Mahziyar, from Muhammad ibn al-Fudhayl, who said: I asked Abu Ja'far al-Thani, Imam Muhammad al-Jawad عليه السلام about when a child should be entered into the state of Ihram. Imam عليه السلام said: "When they begin to grow teeth."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنِ اَلْحَكَمِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «اَلصَّبِيُّ إِذَا حُجَّ بِهِ فَقَدْ قَضَى حَجَّةَ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ حَتَّى يَكْبَرَ وَ اَلْعَبْدُ إِذَا حُجَّ بِهِ فَقَدْ قَضَى حَجَّةَ اَلْإِسْلاَمِ حَتَّى يُعْتَقَ.
Aban narrated from Al-Hakam, who said: I heard Abu Abdullah عليه السلام say: "If a child is taken for Hajj, it does not fulfill the Hajj of Islam when they grow up. Similarly, if a servant is taken for Hajj, it does not fulfill the Hajj of Islam until they are freed."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 158