Chapter on Sukuna, Umra, and Ruqba (Types of Conditional Property Grants)
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 4|Book 1|Chapter 128
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh
Volume 4, Book 1, Chapter 128
Chapter on Sukuna, Umra, and Ruqba (Types of Conditional Property Grants)
5 hadiths
رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ جَعَلَ سُكْنَى دَارِهِ لِرَجُلٍ أَيَّامَ حَيَاتِهِ أَوْ جَعَلَهَا لَهُ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ قَالَ "هِيَ لَهُ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ كَمَا شَرَطَ" قُلْتُ فَإِنِ اِحْتَاجَ إِلَى بَيْعِهَا يَبِيعُهَا قَالَ "نَعَمْ" قُلْتُ فَيَنْقُضُ بَيْعُهُ اَلدَّارَ اَلسُّكْنَى قَالَ "لاَ يَنْقُضُ اَلْبَيْعُ اَلسُّكْنَى كَذَلِكَ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ "قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ " "لاَ يَنْقُضُ اَلْبَيْعُ اَلْإِجَارَةَ وَ لاَ اَلسُّكْنَى وَ لَكِنَّهُ يَبِيعُهُ عَلَى أَنَّ اَلَّذِي يَشْتَرِيهِ لاَ يَمْلِكُ مَا اِشْتَرَى حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ اَلسُّكْنَى عَلَى مَا شَرَطَ وَ اَلْإِجَارَةُ " " قُلْتُ فَإِنْ رَدَّ عَلَى اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ مَالَهُ وَ جَمِيعَ مَا لَزِمَهُ فِي اَلنَّفَقَةِ وَ اَلْعِمَارَةِ فِيمَا اِسْتَأْجَرَ قَالَ "عَلَى طِيبَةِ اَلنَّفْسِ وَ رِضَا اَلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ بِذَلِكَ لاَ بَأْسَ".
Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Al-Husayn ibn Nu'aym from Abu Al-Hasan Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim عليه السلام who said: I asked Imam عليه السلام about a man who granted residence in his house to another man for the duration of his life or made it for him and his descendants after him. Imam عليه السلام said: "It belongs to him and his descendants as stipulated." I asked: "If he needs to sell it, can he sell it?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "Yes." I asked: "Does selling the house invalidate the right of residence?" Imam عليه السلام said: "No, the sale does not invalidate the right of residence. I heard my father عليه السلام say that Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir عليه السلام said: 'The sale does not invalidate the lease nor the residence, but he sells it on the condition that the buyer does not own what he has purchased until the term of residence or lease ends according to the stipulated condition.'" I asked: "If the seller returns the money to the tenant and covers all expenses he incurred for maintenance and living during the lease, does that end the agreement?" Imam عليه السلام said: "If it is done willingly and with the tenant's consent, then there is no harm in it."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 356
وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ اَلْبَجَلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ جَعَلَ لِرَجُلٍ سُكْنَى دَارٍ لَهُ مُدَّةَ حَيَاتِهِ يَعْنِي صَاحِبَ اَلدَّارِ فَمَاتَ اَلَّذِي جَعَلَ اَلسُّكْنَى وَ بَقِيَ اَلَّذِي جُعِلَ لَهُ اَلسُّكْنَى أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ أَرَادَ اَلْوَرَثَةُ أَنْ يُخْرِجُوهُ مِنَ اَلدَّارِ أَ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ "أَرَى أَنْ تُقَوَّمَ اَلدَّارُ بِقِيمَةٍ عَادِلَةٍ وَ يُنْظَرَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اَلْمَيِّتِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي ثُلُثِهِ مَا يُحِيطُ بِثَمَنِ اَلدَّارِ فَلَيْسَ لِلْوَرَثَةِ أَنْ يُخْرِجُوهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ اَلثُّلُثُ لاَ يُحِيطُ بِثَمَنِ اَلدَّارِ فَلَهُمْ أَنْ يُخْرِجُوهُ " قِيلَ لَهُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَاتَ اَلرَّجُلُ اَلَّذِي جُعِلَ لَهُ اَلسُّكْنَى بَعْدَ مَوْتِ صَاحِبِ اَلدَّارِ يَكُونُ اَلسُّكْنَى لِعَقِبِ اَلَّذِي جُعِلَ لَهُ اَلسُّكْنَى قَالَ "لاَ".
Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Khalid ibn Nafi' Al-Bajali from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام who said: I asked Imam عليه السلام about a man who granted another man the right to reside in his house for the duration of his own life (meaning the life of the house owner). Then, the one who granted the residence passed away while the one granted the residence remained alive. I asked: "If the heirs wish to remove him from the house, do they have the right to do so?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "I see that the house should be appraised at a fair value, and it should be considered whether the deceased's one-third share of the estate covers the value of the house. If his one-third share is sufficient to cover the price of the house, then the heirs have no right to evict him. However, if the one-third share does not cover the house's value, then the heirs have the right to evict him." It was asked: "If the man who was granted the right of residence dies after the owner of the house has passed away, does the right of residence transfer to the descendants of the one who was granted the residence?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "No."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُمَرَ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْكَنَ دَارَهُ رَجُلاً مُدَّةَ حَيَاتِهِ فَقَالَ "يَجُوزُ لَهُ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهُ" قُلْتُ فَلَهُ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ قَالَ "يَجُوزُ لَهُ" وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَسْكَنَ رَجُلاً وَ لَمْ يُوَقِّتْ لَهُ شَيْئاً قَالَ "يُخْرِجُهُ صَاحِبُ اَلدَّارِ إِذَا شَاءَ".
Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Faddal narrated from Ahmad ibn Umar Al-Halabi from his father from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام who said: I asked Imam عليه السلام about a man who allowed another man to reside in his house for the duration of his life. Imam عليه السلام replied: "It is permissible for him, and he does not have the right to evict him." I asked: "Does this also apply to his descendants?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "It is permissible for him." I then asked Imam عليه السلام about a man who allowed another man to reside in his house without specifying any time period. Imam عليه السلام replied: "The owner of the house may evict him whenever he wishes."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 357
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلسُّكْنَى وَ اَلْعُمْرَى فَقَالَ "اَلنَّاسُ فِيهِ عِنْدَ شُرُوطِهِمْ إِنْ كَانَ شَرَطَ حَيَاتَهُ فَهُوَ حَيَاتَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لِعَقِبِهِ فَهُوَ لِعَقِبِهِ كَمَا شَرَطَ حَتَّى يَفْنَوْا ثُمَّ تُرَدُّ إِلَى صَاحِبِ اَلدَّارِ".
Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Aban ibn Uthman from Abdur Rahman ibn Abi Abdullah from Humran who said: I asked Imam عليه السلام about Al-sukna (residential right) and Al-umra (life estate). Imam عليه السلام replied: "People are bound by their conditions. If he stipulated it for his lifetime, then it is for his lifetime. If he stipulated it for his descendants, then it is for his descendants as stipulated until they perish, after which it returns to the owner of the house."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 357
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي اَلصَّبَّاحِ اَلْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلسُّكْنَى وَ اَلْعُمْرَى فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ جَعَلَ اَلسُّكْنَى فِي حَيَاتِهِ فَهُوَ كَمَا شَرَطَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ جَعَلَهَا لَهُ وَ لِعَقِبِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ حَتَّى يَفْنَى عَقِبُهُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَبِيعُوا وَ لاَ يُورِثُوا اَلدَّارَ ثُمَّ تُرْجَعُ اَلدَّارُ إِلَى صَاحِبِهَا اَلْأَوَّلِ".
Muhammad ibn Al-Fudayl narrated from Abu Al-Sabbah Al-Kinani from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام who was asked about Al-sukna (residential right) and Al-umra (life estate). Imam عليه السلام said: "If the residential right was granted for his lifetime, then it is as stipulated. But if it was granted to him and his descendants after him until his descendants perish, then they have no right to sell or inherit the house. After that, the house returns to its original owner."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh