If a man dies and leaves behind his two parents, a wife, and a son, the inheritance is distributed as follows: the wife receives one-eighth, each parent receives one-sixth, and the remainder goes to the son. The same applies if there are two or more sons - the remaining portion after distributing the shares to the wife and parents is divided equally among the sons. If the deceased leaves behind a wife, both parents, and a daughter, the wife receives one-eighth, each parent receives one-sixth, and the daughter receives half of the estate. Any remaining amount is proportionally returned (radd) to the daughter and the parents according to their original shares. However, no additional amount is returned to the wife or the husband. This distribution is calculated out of twenty-four parts due to the one-eighth share. After subtracting the wife's one-eighth, the two parents' one-sixth each, and the daughter's half, one remaining share is left. Since this cannot be evenly divided among five recipients, the entire estate is multiplied by five, making it 120 shares. The wife receives one-eighth, totaling 15 shares, the parents receive a combined 40 shares, and the daughter receives 60 shares. The remaining five shares are distributed - three additional shares go to the daughter, making her total 63 shares, and two shares go to the parents, totaling 42 shares for both. Similarly, if a man dies and leaves behind a wife, two or more daughters, and both parents, the wife receives one-eighth, the parents each receive one-sixth, and the remainder goes to the daughters. The concept of awl (adjusting the shares to fit the total inheritance) does not apply here because if the daughters had been sons, they would have only received what was left over.
Commentary #1