The Method of Ghusl for Janabah (Ritual Bath for Sexual Impurity)
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 1|Book 1|Chapter 20
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh
Book 1, Chapter 20
The Method of Ghusl for Janabah (Ritual Bath for Sexual Impurity)
14 hadiths · 3 commentaries
وَ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّ اَلْأَكْلَ عَلَى اَلْجَنَابَةِ يُورِثُ اَلْفَقْرَ.
It is narrated: 'Eating while in a state of janabah (ritual impurity from sexual discharge) leads to poverty.'.
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَقَالَ عُبَيْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ: سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ أَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَنَامَ وَ هُوَ جُنُبٌ فَقَالَ «يُكْرَهُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَتَوَضَّأَ.
Ubaydullah ibn Ali Al-Halabi said: ‘Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام was asked whether it is appropriate for a man to sleep while in a state of janabah (ritual impurity from sexual discharge).’ Imam عليه السلام replied: 'It is disliked (makruh) to do so without first performing wudu (ablution).'
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ قَالَ: «أَنَا أَنَامُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أُصْبِحَ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَعُودَ.
In another narration, Imam عليه السلام said: 'I sleep in that state (of janabah) until morning because I intend to return (to intimacy).'.
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَقَالَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِذَا كَانَ اَلرَّجُلُ جُنُباً لَمْ يَأْكُلْ وَ لَمْ يَشْرَبْ حَتَّى يَتَوَضَّأَ.
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام narrates from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir عليه السلام: 'If a man is in a state of janabah (ritual impurity due to sexual discharge), he should not eat or drink until he performs wudu (ablution).'.
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ قَالَ: «إِنِّي أَكْرَهُ اَلْجَنَابَةَ حِينَ تَصْفَرُّ اَلشَّمْسُ وَ حِينَ تَطْلُعُ وَ هِيَ صَفْرَاءُ.
Imam عليه السلام said: "'I dislike being in a state of janabah (ritual impurity) when the sun turns yellow (at sunset) and when it rises while it is yellow (sunrise)."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
قَالَ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ: وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَغْتَسِلُ بِغَيْرِ إِزَارٍ حَيْثُ لاَ يَرَاهُ أَحَدٌ قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ.
Al-Halabi said: I asked him about a man who performs ghusl (ritual bathing) without a covering (loincloth) when no one can see him. Imam عليه السلام said: 'There is no harm in it.'
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَقَالَ وَ سُئِلَ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُ اَلْمَرْأَةَ فَلاَ يُنْزِلُ أَ عَلَيْهِ غُسْلٌ قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ «إِذَا مَسَّ اَلْخِتَانُ اَلْخِتَانَ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ اَلْغُسْلُ.
Al-Halabi said: ‘Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام was asked about a man who engages in sexual relations with a woman but does not ejaculate. Is ghusl (ritual bathing) required for him? Imam عليه السلام said: 'Imam Ali عليه السلام used to say, "If the circumcised part touches the circumcised part, ghusl becomes obligatory."'
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: «كَيْفَ لاَ يُوجِبُ اَلْغُسْلَ وَ اَلْحَدُّ يَجِبُ فِيهِ » وَقَالَ «يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ اَلْمَهْرُ وَ اَلْغُسْلُ.
Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib عليه السلام would say: 'How can ghusl (ritual bathing) not be obligatory when the Hadd (prescribed punishment) is applicable in such a case (if it is adultery)?". Imam عليه السلام said: 'The dowry and ghusl become obligatory upon him’
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ سُئِلَ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُ اَلْمَرْأَةَ فِيمَا دُونَ اَلْفَرْجِ أَ عَلَيْهَا غُسْلٌ إِنْ هُوَ أَنْزَلَ وَ لَمْ تُنْزِلْ هِيَ قَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا غُسْلٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يُنْزِلْ هُوَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ غُسْلٌ.
(Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام) was asked about a man who engages in contact with a woman without intercourse, and he ejaculates but She does not. Is ghusl (ritual bathing) required for her? Imam عليه السلام said: 'She is not required to perform ghusl. If he does not ejaculate, then he is also not required to perform ghusl.'
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ سُئِلَ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَغْتَسِلُ ثُمَّ يَجِدُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بَلَلاً وَ قَدْ كَانَ بَالَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ قَالَ «لِيَتَوَضَّأْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَالَ قَبْلَ اَلْغُسْلِ فَلْيُعِدِ اَلْغُسْلَ.
Ubaydullah ibn Ali Al-Halabi narrates that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام was asked about a man who performs ghusl (ritual bathing) and then later finds wetness, having urinated before performing the ghusl. Imam عليه السلام said: 'He should perform wudu (ablution). But if he had not urinated before performing the ghusl, he should repeat the ghusl.'
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ: «إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ رَأَى بَلَلاً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَالَ فَلْيَتَوَضَّأْ وَ لاَ يَغْتَسِلْ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ اَلْحَبَائِلِ.
It is narrated in another report (Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام ) said : 'If he sees wetness and has not urinated, he should perform wudu (ablution) and not ghusl, as this is due to residual moisture (habāʾil).'
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
قال مصنف هذا الكتاب: أعاد الغسل أصل والخبر الثاني رخصة.
The author of this book said: "Repeating the ghusl is the original ruling, and the second narration is a concession (rukhṣa)”.
وَ سُئِلَ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَنَامُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَيْقِظُ فَيَمَسُّ ذَكَرَهُ فَيَرَى بَلَلاً وَ لَمْ يَرَ فِي مَنَامِهِ شَيْئاً أَ يَغْتَسِلُ قَالَ «لاَ إِنَّمَا اَلْغُسْلُ مِنَ اَلْمَاءِ اَلْأَكْبَرِ.
Al-Halabi narrates that Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام was asked about a man who sleeps, then wakes up and touches his private part, finding wetness, but did not see anything in his dream. Should he perform ghusl (ritual bathing)? Imam عليه السلام said: 'No, ghusl is only required for major discharge (al-māʾ al-akbar, i.e., semen).'.
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ تَرَى فِي اَلْمَنَامِ مَا يَرَى اَلرَّجُلُ قَالَ «إِنْ أَنْزَلَتْ فَعَلَيْهَا اَلْغُسْلُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تُنْزِلْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا غُسْلٌ.
(Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام ) was asked regarding a woman who sees in her dream what a man sees (i.e., a sexual dream). Imam عليه السلام said: 'If She has a discharge, ghusl (ritual bathing) is obligatory for her; but if She does not have a discharge, then ghusl is not required.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
قَالَ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ وَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَهُ يَقُولُ: «إِذَا اِغْتَمَسَ اَلْجُنُبُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ اِغْتِمَاسَةً وَاحِدَةً أَجْزَأَهُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غُسْلِهِ.
Ubaydullah ibn Ali Al-Halabi said: "I was told by someone who heard Him say: 'If a person in a state of janabah (ritual impurity due to sexual discharge) immerses themselves in water all at once, that suffices for their ghusl (ritual bath).'.
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
ومن أجنب في يوم أو في ليلة مرارا أجزأه غسل واحد إلا أن يكون يجنب بعد الغسل أو يحتلم، فإن احتلم فلا يجامع حتى يغتسل من الاحتلام. ولا بأس بأن يقرأ الجنب القرآن كله ما خلا العزائم التي يسجد فيها وهي سجدة لقمان وحم السجدة، والنجم، وسورة اقرأ باسم ربك. ومن كان جنبا أو على غير وضوء فلا يمس القرآن، وجائز له أن يمس الورق أو يقلب له الورق غيره ويقرأ هو ويذكر الله عز وجل. ولا يجوز للحائض والجنب أن يدخلا المسجد إلا مجتازين ولهما أن يأخذا منه وليس لهما أن يضعا فيه شيئا لان ما فيه لا يقدران على أخذه من غيره وهما قادران على وضع ما معهما في غيره. وإذا أرادت المرأة أن تغتسل من الجنابة فأصابها حيض فلتترك الغسل إلى أن تطهر، فإذا طهرت اغتسلت غسلا واحدا للجنابة والحيض. ولا بأس بأن يختضب الجنب ويجنب وهو مختضب، ويحتجم، ويذكر الله تعالى، ويتنور، ويذبح، ويلبس الخاتم، وينام في المسجد ويمر فيه ويجنب أول الليل وينام إلى آخره، ومن أجنب في أرض ولم يجد الماء إلا ماء جامدا ولا يخلص إلى الصعيد فليصل بالمسح، ثم لا يعد إلى الأرض التي يوبق فيها دينه. وقال أبي رحمه الله في رسالته إلي: لا بأس بتبعيض الغسل، تغسل يديك وفرجك ورأسك وتؤخر غسل جسدك إلى وقت الصلاة، ثم تغسل جسدك إذا أردت ذلك، فإن أحدثت حدثنا من بول أو غائط أو ريح بعد ما غسلت رأسك من قبل أن تغسل جسدك فأعد الغسل من أوله فإذا بدأت بغسل جسدك قبل الرأس فأعد الغسل على جسدك بعد غسل رأسك.
If a person becomes junub (ritually impure) multiple times during a day or night, one ghusl is sufficient unless they become junub again after performing ghusl or experience a wet dream. If they have a wet dream, they should not engage in intercourse until they perform ghusl for the wet dream. There is no issue for a person in a state of janabah to recite the entire Quran, except for the verses of prostration, which are found in Surah Luqman, Surah Ha-Mim As-Sajdah (Surah Fussilat), Surah An-Najm, and Surah Al-‘Alaq A person who is junub or without wudu should not touch the Quran, but it is permissible for them to touch the paper (not the Quranic text) or to have someone else turn its pages, and they may read and mention the names of Allah سبحانه وتعالى. A menstruating woman and a person in a state of janabah should not enter the mosque except when passing through it, and they may take something from it, but they should not leave anything in it, as they are able to leave it in other places. If a woman wishes to perform ghusl from janabah but begins menstruating, She should delay the ghusl until her menstruation ends. Then, She should perform one ghusl that covers both janabah and menstruation. There is no issue for a person in a state of janabah to dye their hair, become junub while their hair is dyed, undergo cupping, remember Allah سبحانه وتعالى, use depilatory agents, slaughter animals, wear a ring, sleep in a mosque, pass through it, or become junub at the beginning of the night and sleep until the end of it. If a person becomes junub in a place where there is only frozen water and they cannot reach clean soil, they should perform tayammum (dry ablution) and pray, then avoid returning to a place where their faith may be jeopardized. My father, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى have mercy on him, wrote to me: 'There is no issue with dividing the ghusl. Wash your hands, private parts, and head, and delay washing the rest of your body until the time of prayer, at which point you wash your body. However, if you have any hadath (ritual impurity, such as urination or defecation) after washing your head but before washing your body, repeat the ghusl from the beginning. If you begin washing your body before your head, repeat the ghusl for your body after washing your head.'
Commentary #1