Chapter on the Husband's Rights Over His Wife
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 3|Book 3|Chapter 31
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh
Volume 3, Book 3, Chapter 31
Chapter on the Husband's Rights Over His Wife
12 hadiths
رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "جَاءَتِ اِمْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ مَا حَقُّ اَلزَّوْجِ عَلَى اَلْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَ لَهَا "تُطِيعُهُ وَ لاَ تَعْصِيهِ وَ لاَ تَصَدَّقُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا شَيْئاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ وَ لاَ تَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ وَ لاَ تَمْنَعُهُ نَفْسَهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَى ظَهْرِ قَتَبٍ وَ لاَ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ فَإِنْ خَرَجَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ لَعَنَتْهَا مَلاَئِكَةُ اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ اَلْأَرْضِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ اَلْغَضَبِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ اَلرَّحْمَةِ حَتَّى تَرْجِعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا" فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ مَنْ أَعْظَمُ اَلنَّاسِ حَقّاً عَلَى اَلرَّجُلِ قَالَ "وَالِدَاهُ" قَالَتْ فَمَنْ أَعْظَمُ اَلنَّاسِ حَقّاً عَلَى اَلْمَرْأَةِ قَالَ "زَوْجُهَا" قَالَتْ فَمَا لِي مِنَ اَلْحَقِّ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ مَا لَهُ عَلَيَّ قَالَ "لاَ وَ لاَ مِنْ كُلِّ مِائَةٍ وَاحِدَةٌ" فَقَالَتْ وَ اَلَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً لاَ يَمْلِكُ رَقَبَتِي رَجُلٌ أَبَداً ".
Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Malik ibn Atiyyah, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir عليه السلام, who said: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said: "O Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, what is the right of a husband over his wife?" Imam عليه السلام said: "She must obey him and not disobey him. She must not give anything in charity from his house except with his permission, and she must not observe voluntary fasting except with his permission. She must not deny him herself, even if she is on the back of a camel. She must not leave her house without his permission. If she leaves without his permission, the angels of the heavens, the angels of the earth, the angels of wrath, and the angels of mercy will curse her until she returns to her house." She then asked: "O Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, who has the greatest right over a man?" He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: "His parents." She asked: "And who has the greatest right over a woman?" He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: "Her husband." She then asked: "Do I have the same right over him as he has over me?" He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم replied: "No, not even one out of a hundred." She said: "By the One who sent you as a Prophet with truth, no man will ever have control over my neck!"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ- رَوَى الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: لَيْسَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ مَعَ زَوْجِهَا أَمْرٌ فِي عِتْقٍ وَ لَا صَدَقَةٍ وَ لَا تَدْبِيرٍ وَ لَا هِبَةٍ وَ لَا نَذْرٍ فِي مَالِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا إِلَّا فِي حَجٍّ أَوْ زَكَاةٍ أَوْ بِرِّ وَالِدَيْهَا أَوْ صِلَةِ قَرَابَتِهَا.
Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, who said: "A woman has no authority, alongside her husband, to emancipate (a slave), give charity, make a bequest, give a gift, or make a vow concerning her wealth without her husband's permission, except in matters of Hajj, Zakat, honoring her parents, or maintaining ties with her relatives."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 281
وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "إِنَّ قَوْماً أَتَوْا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ إِنَّا رَأَيْنَا أُنَاساً يَسْجُدُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "لَوْ كُنْتُ آمِراً أَحَداً أَنْ يَسْجُدَ لِأَحَدٍ لَأَمَرْتُ اَلْمَرْأَةَ أَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِزَوْجِهَا".
Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Malik ibn Atiyyah, from Sulaiman ibn Khalid, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, who said: "A group of people came to the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, we have seen people prostrating to one another.' The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: 'If I were to command anyone to prostrate to another, I would have commanded the woman to prostrate to her husband.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ شُرَيْسٍ اَلْوَابِشِيِّ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كَتَبَ عَلَى اَلرِّجَالِ اَلْجِهَادَ وَ عَلَى اَلنِّسَاءِ اَلْجِهَادَ فَجِهَادُ اَلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَبْذُلَ مَالَهُ وَ دَمَهُ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ جِهَادُ اَلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تَصْبِرَ عَلَى مَا تَرَى مِنْ أَذَى زَوْجِهَا وَ غَيْرَتِهِ".
Muhammad ibn al-Fudhayl narrated from Shurayh al-Wabishi, from Jabir, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir عليه السلام, who said: "Indeed, Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Mighty and Majestic, has ordained jihad upon men and jihad upon women. The jihad of a man is to spend his wealth and sacrifice his blood until he is killed in the way of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Mighty and Majestic. And the jihad of a woman is to be patient with what she faces from the harm and jealousy of her husband."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: إِنَّ "اَلنَّاجِيَ مِنَ اَلرِّجَالِ قَلِيلٌ وَ مِنَ اَلنِّسَاءِ أَقَلُّ وَ أَقَلُّ".
Imam عليه السلام said: "Indeed, those who are saved from among the men are few, and from among the women, even fewer and fewer."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ قَالَ: "جِهَادُ اَلْمَرْأَةِ حُسْنُ اَلتَّبَعُّلِ ".
And in another narration, Imam عليه السلام said: "The jihad of a woman is being a good wife."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ اَلْجَلاَّبِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: "أَيُّمَا اِمْرَأَةٍ بَاتَتْ وَ زَوْجُهَا عَلَيْهَا سَاخِطٌ فِي حَقٍّ لَمْ تُقْبَلْ مِنْهَا صَلاَةٌ حَتَّى يَرْضَى عَنْهَا".
Muhammad ibn al-Fudhayl narrated from Sa'd ibn Umar al-Jallab, who said: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام said: "Any woman who spends the night while her husband is angry with her over a rightful matter, her prayer will not be accepted until he is pleased with her."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى اَلسَّكُونِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: "أَيُّمَا اِمْرَأَةٍ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا فَلاَ نَفَقَةَ لَهَا حَتَّى تَرْجِعَ ".
Al-Sakuni narrated from Jafar ibn Muhammad, from his father عليه السلام, who said: The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "Any woman who leaves her house without her husband's permission has no right to maintenance until she returns."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: "أَيُّمَا اِمْرَأَةٍ تَطَيَّبَتْ لِغَيْرِ زَوْجِهَا لَمْ تُقْبَلْ مِنْهَا صَلاَةٌ حَتَّى تَغْتَسِلَ مِنْ طِيبِهَا كَغُسْلِهَا مِنْ جَنَابَتِهَا".
Imam عليه السلام said: "Any woman who applies perfume for someone other than her husband, her prayer will not be accepted until she washes off the perfume as she would wash after a state of major ritual impurity (janabah)."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: "لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ تُجَمِّرَ ثَوْبَهَا إِذَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا".
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام said: "It is not appropriate for a woman to perfume her clothes with incense when she leaves her house."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: "أَيُّمَا اِمْرَأَةٍ وَضَعَتْ ثَوْبَهَا فِي غَيْرِ مَنْزِلِ زَوْجِهَا أَوْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ لَمْ تَزَلْ فِي لَعْنَةِ اَللَّهِ إِلَى أَنْ تَرْجِعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا".
Imam عليه السلام said: "Any woman who removes her clothing outside her husband's house or without his permission remains under the curse of Allah سبحانه وتعالى until she returns to her home."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: "أَيُّمَا اِمْرَأَةٍ قَالَتْ لِزَوْجِهَا مَا رَأَيْتُ قَطُّ مِنْ وَجْهِكَ خَيْراً فَقَدْ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهَا ".
Jamil ibn Darraj narrated from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام that he said: "Any woman who says to her husband, 'I have never seen any good from you,' then her deeds are rendered void."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh