Chapter on the Terms: Khaliyah, Bariah, Batta, Bain, and Haram in Divorce
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 3|Book 4|Chapter 23
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh
Volume 3, Book 4, Chapter 23
Chapter on the Terms: Khaliyah, Bariah, Batta, Bain, and Haram in Divorce
2 hadiths
رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لاِمْرَأَتِهِ أَنْتِ مِنِّي خَلِيَّةٌ أَوْ بَرِيئَةٌ أَوْ بَتَّةٌ أَوْ بَائِنٌ أَوْ حَرَامٌ فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ".
Hammad ibn Uthman narrated from Al-Halabi who narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام that Imam عليه السلام was asked about a man who said to his wife, "You are free from me," or "You are absolved," or "You are finalized," or "You are separated," or "You are forbidden." Imam عليه السلام replied: "It amounts to nothing."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ اَلْبَزَنْطِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لاِمْرَأَتِهِ أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ حَرَامٌ فَقَالَ "لَوْ كَانَ لِي عَلَيْهِ سُلْطَانٌ لَأَوْجَعْتُ رَأْسَهُ وَ قُلْتُ لَهُ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَحَلَّهَا لَكَ فَمَنْ حَرَّمَهَا عَلَيْكَ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى أَنْ كَذَبَ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّ مَا أَحَلَّ اَللَّهُ لَهُ حَرَامٌ وَ لاَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ طَلاَقٌ وَ لاَ كَفَّارَةٌ" فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَوْلُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يٰا أَيُّهَا اَلنَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مٰا أَحَلَّ اَللّٰهُ لَكَ تَبْتَغِي مَرْضٰاتَ أَزْوٰاجِكَ وَ اَللّٰهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ قَدْ فَرَضَ اَللّٰهُ لَكُمْ تَحِلَّةَ أَيْمٰانِكُمْ فَجَعَلَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ اَلْكَفَّارَةَ فَقَالَ "إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِ جَارِيَتَهُ مَارِيَةَ وَ حَلَفَ أَنْ لاَ يَقْرَبَهَا وَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ اَلْكَفَّارَةُ فِي اَلْحَلْفِ وَ لَمْ يُجْعَلْ عَلَيْهِ فِي اَلتَّحْرِيمِ".
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanti narrated from Muhammad ibn Sama'ah, from Zurara, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir عليه السلام who said: I asked Imam عليه السلام about a man who said to his wife: "You are forbidden to me." Imam عليه السلام replied: "If I had authority over him, I would have struck his head and said to him, 'Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Exalted has made her lawful for you, so who has made her forbidden for you?' He has done nothing more than lie, claiming that what Allah سبحانه وتعالى has made lawful for him is forbidden. This does not count as divorce nor does it require any expiation." I then asked Imam عليه السلام about the saying of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Mighty and Majestic: "O Prophet! Why do you forbid (yourself) what Allah سبحانه وتعالى has made lawful for you, seeking to please your wives? And Allah سبحانه وتعالى is Forgiving, Merciful. Allah سبحانه وتعالى has already ordained for you (Muslims) the dissolution of your oaths." (Surah At-Tahrim 66:1-2) Imam عليه السلام replied: "The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) had forbidden himself from his bondwoman Mariyah and had sworn not to approach her. The expiation was made obligatory on him because of his oath, not because of the prohibition."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 305