Chapter on the Inheritance of One Who Has No Heir

Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 4|Book 1|Chapter 169

Volume 4, Book 1, Chapter 169

Chapter on the Inheritance of One Who Has No Heir

3 hadiths · 1 commentary

Hadith #1

رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "مَنْ مَاتَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ مِنْ قَرَابَةٍ وَ لاَ مَوْلَى عَتَاقَةٍ قَدْ ضَمِنَ جَرِيرَتَهُ فَمَالُهُ مِنَ اَلْأَنْفَالِ".

Al-Alaa narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir who said: "Whoever dies and has no heir from relatives nor a freed slave who has guaranteed his liability (jarirah), then his wealth belongs to the anfal (public treasury or property of the Islamic state)."

Shaykh Baqir al-Behbudi
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 373

Hadith #2

وَ قَدْ رُوِيَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ: "أَنَّ مَنْ مَاتَ وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ فَمَالُهُ لِهَمْشَهْرِيجِهِ " يَعْنِي أَهْلَ بَلَدِهِ.

It has also been narrated in another report: "Whoever dies and has no heir, his wealth belongs to his Hamshahrij," meaning the people of his town.

Shaykh Baqir al-Behbudi
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh

Commentary #1

قَالَ مُصَنِّفُ هَذَا الْكِتَابِ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ مَتَى كَانَ الْإِمَامُ ظَاهِراً فَمَالُهُ لِلْإِمَامِ وَ مَتَى كَانَ الْإِمَامُ غَائِباً فَمَالُهُ لِأَهْلِ بَلَدِهِ مَتَى لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَارِثٌ وَ لَا قَرَابَةٌ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُمْ بِالْبَلَدِيَّةِ.

The author of this book, may Allah have mercy on him, explained: When the Imam is present and apparent, the wealth belongs to the Imam. However, when the Imam is absent, the wealth belongs to the people of his town, provided that he has no heir or closer relative than them by local association.

Hadith #3

وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ أَبٌ نَصْرَانِيٌّ لِمَنْ تَكُونُ دِيَتُهُ قَالَ "تُؤْخَذُ فَتُجْعَلُ فِي بَيْتِ مَالِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ لِأَنَّ جِنَايَتَهُ عَلَى بَيْتِ مَالِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ ".

Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Malik ibn Atiyyah from Sulayman ibn Khalid from Abu Abdullah regarding a Muslim man who was killed and had a Christian father. Imam was asked: "To whom does his blood money (diyyah) go?" Imam said: "It is taken and placed in the treasury (Bayt Al-Mal) of the Muslims because his liability falls upon the treasury of the Muslims."

Shaykh Baqir al-Behbudi
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 373