Chapter on Injuries and Killing Between Women and Men
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 4|Book 1|Chapter 27
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh
Volume 4, Book 1, Chapter 27
Chapter on Injuries and Killing Between Women and Men
5 hadiths
رَوَى عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ اَلْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ قَطَعَ إِصْبَعاً مِنْ أَصَابِعِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ كَمْ فِيهَا قَالَ "عَشَرَةٌ مِنَ اَلْإِبِلِ" قُلْتُ قَطَعَ اِثْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ "عِشْرُونَ" قُلْتُ قَطَعَ ثَلاَثاً قَالَ "ثَلاَثُونَ" قُلْتُ قَطَعَ أَرْبَعاً قَالَ "عِشْرُونَ" قُلْتُ سُبْحَانَ اَللَّهِ يَقْطَعُ ثَلاَثاً فَيَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ ثَلاَثُونَ فَيَقْطَعُ أَرْبَعاً فَيَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ عِشْرُونَ إِنَّ هَذَا كَانَ يَبْلُغُنَا وَ نَحْنُ بِالْعِرَاقِ فَنَبْرَأُ مِمَّنْ قَالَهُ وَ نَقُولُ اَلَّذِي قَالَهُ شَيْطَانٌ فَقَالَ "مَهْلاً يَا أَبَانُ هَكَذَا حَكَمَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ إِنَّ اَلْمَرْأَةَ تُعَاقِلُ اَلرَّجُلَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اَلدِّيَةِ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتِ اَلثُّلُثَ رَجَعَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ إِلَى اَلنِّصْفِ يَا أَبَانُ إِنَّكَ أَخَذْتَنِي بِالْقِيَاسِ وَ اَلسُّنَّةُ إِذَا قِيسَتْ مُحِقَ اَلدِّينُ".
Abd Al-Rahman ibn Al-Hajjaj narrated from Aban ibn Taghlib, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah عليه السلام: "What do you say about a man who cuts off one finger of a woman? How much is due for it?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "Ten camels." I asked: "If he cuts off two (fingers)?" Imam عليه السلام said: "Twenty (camels)." I asked: "If he cuts off three (fingers)?" Imam عليه السلام said: "Thirty (camels)." I asked: "If he cuts off four (fingers)?" Imam عليه السلام said: "Twenty (camels)." I said: "Glory be to Allah سبحانه وتعالى! He cuts off three fingers, and the compensation is thirty, but if he cuts off four, it becomes twenty? We used to hear this in Iraq and would disassociate ourselves from anyone who said it, claiming that whoever said this was influenced by Satan." Abu Abdullah عليه السلام replied: "Wait, O' Aban! This is how the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) ruled. A woman's compensation equals that of a man up to one-third of the diyyah (blood money). Once it reaches one-third, the woman's share reverts to half. O' Aban, you are applying analogy (qiyas) here, but the Sunnah, when subjected to analogy, destroys the religion."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 322
وَ سَأَلَ جَمِيلٌ وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حُمْرَانَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ اَلرَّجُلِ قِصَاصٌ قَالَ "نَعَمْ فِي اَلْجِرَاحَاتِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ اَلثُّلُثَ سَوَاءً فَإِذَا بَلَغَ اَلثُّلُثَ سَوَاءً اِرْتَفَعَ اَلرَّجُلُ وَ سَفَلَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ".
Jamil and Muhammad ibn Humran asked Abu Abdullah عليه السلام about whether qiṣaṣ (retaliation in kind) applies between a woman and a man. Imam عليه السلام replied: "Yes, in cases of wounds (jirahat) up to one-third of the compensation, they are equal. However, once it reaches one-third, the man's compensation increases, and the woman's compensation decreases."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 322
وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ اِمْرَأَةً فَقَالَ "إِنْ أَرَادَ أَهْلُ اَلْمَرْأَةِ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُ أَدَّوْا نِصْفَ دِيَتِهِ وَ قَتَلُوهُ وَ إِلاَّ قَبِلُوا اَلدِّيَةَ".
Abu Baṣir narrated from one of the Imams (peace be upon them) that they said: I asked: "What if a man kills a woman?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "If the family of the woman wishes to have him killed, they must pay half of his diyyah (blood money) and then they may kill him. Otherwise, they should accept the diyyah."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 322
وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع فِي امْرَأَةٍ قَتَلَتْ زَوْجَهَا مُتَعَمِّدَةً فَقَالَ إِنْ شَاءَ أَهْلُهُ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهَا قَتَلُوهَا وَ لَيْسَ يَجْنِي أَحَدٌ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ جِنَايَتِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ.
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام said regarding a woman who intentionally killed her husband: "If his family wishes to kill her, they may do so. No one bears responsibility for more than the crime they have committed against themselves."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَهْلِ بْنِ اَلْيَسَعِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اِمْرَأَةٍ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا لِصُّ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَتَلَ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَوَثَبَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى اَللِّصِّ فَقَتَلَتْهُ فَقَالَ "أَمَّا اَلْمَرْأَةُ اَلَّتِي قَتَلَتْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا شَيْءٌ وَ دِيَةُ سَخْلَتِهَا عَلَى عَصَبَةِ اَلْمَقْتُولِ اَلسَّارِقِ".
Muhammad ibn Sahl ibn Al-Yasaʿ narrated from his father, from Al-Husayn ibn Mihran, from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام who said: I asked Iman عليه السلام about a pregnant woman upon whom a thief broke in and assaulted her, causing the death of the child in her womb. The woman then attacked the thief and killed him. Imam عليه السلام replied: "As for the woman who killed him, there is nothing upon her. The diyyah (blood money) for her unborn child is upon the male relatives (Aṣaba) of the slain thief."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh