Page 531
ash-shamsu wa-l-qamaru bi-ḥusbānin
The sun and the moon are [disposed] calculatedly,
— Ali Quli Qarai
55Ar-RaḥmānالرحمنVerse 5 of 78
The Beneficent55. Ar-Raḥmānالرحمن
al-Raḥmān
The All-beneficent
MedinanVerse 5 of 78
55Ar-RaḥmānالرحمنVerse 5 of 78
The All-beneficent
The sun and the moon are [disposed] calculatedly,
— Ali Quli Qarai
Surah al-Rahman - Verse 5
5. The sun and the moon follow their measured out calculation.
The blessed Verse in question treats of the fourth great Divine Blessing bestowed by the God Almighty, the Most Gracious. The blessed Verse is saying that the sun and the moon follow their courses with measured out calculation. The existence of the sun is one of the greatest Divine Blessings bestowed upon man, since life would be unimaginable in the solar system without the light and heat of the sun. It was mentioned above that any motion on the earth springs from the solar light and heat. Growth of plants and production of provision, precipitation, and blowing of winds are all thanks to this Divine Blessing.
The moon, in its turn, plays a key role in human life. It is the light of his dark nights, its gravity is the sources of ebb and flow in oceans result in life in seas and watering of rivers flowing onto seas. Besides, the fixed course of the twain circulations, that of the moon round the earth and that of the earth round the sun results in the orderly emergence of nights and days, years, months, and seasons. They make human life order through which man may make use of the same for his commercial, industrial, and agricultural activities. Without such order, human life could never have any order.
It is worthy of note that not only the movement of these celestial bodies are precisely measured out, but also the quantity of their mass and gravity and their distance from the earth and from each other are all well calculated, without which great disruptions would occur in the solar system and consequently in human life. It is also worthy of note that although the sun is seemingly motionless in the solar system, but it should be kept in mind that it, along with all its planets is moving in the milky way galaxy toward a specific point, the star known as Vega, and such movement follows a certain order and speed.
For further information, one may refer to 36:38—40:
("And the sun runs on its fixed course for a term appointed. That is the Decree of the Omnipotent, the Omniscient. And the moon, We have measured for it mansions to traverse till it returns to like the old dried curved date stalk. It is not for the sun to overtake the moon, nor does the night outstrip the day. They all float, each in an orbit.").