Chapter on Obligation of Prayer During Travel
Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām|Volume 2|Book 1|Chapter 2
Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām
Volume 2, Book 1, Chapter 2
Chapter on Obligation of Prayer During Travel
8 hadiths · 2 commentaries
مَا رَوَاهُ اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ وَ فَضَالَةَ عَنِ اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ يُرِيدُ اَلسَّفَرَ مَتَى يُقَصِّرُ فَقَالَ« إِذَا تَوَارَى مِنَ اَلْبُيُوتِ» قُلْتُ اَلرَّجُلُ يُرِيدُ اَلسَّفَرَ فَيَخْرُجُ حِينَ تَزُولُ اَلشَّمْسُ فَقَالَ« إِذَا خَرَجْتَ فَصَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ»
Al-Husayn ibn Sa’id narrated from Safwan and Fadalah from al-’Alaʾ from Muhammad ibn Muslim. He said:
I said to Abu Abdillah عليه السلام: “A man intends to travel, when should he shorten (his prayer)?” Imam عليه السلام said: “When he disappears from the houses.” I asked: “A man intends to travel and departs when the sun has passed its zenith (zawal).” Imam عليه السلام said: “When you depart, then pray two rak’ahs.”
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 2, p. 13
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb, p. 137
وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ يَدْخُلُ مَكَّةَ مِنْ سَفَرِهِ وَ قَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ اَلصَّلاَةِ قَالَ« يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ إِنْ خَرَجَ إِلَى سَفَرِهِ وَ قَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ اَلصَّلاَةِ فَلْيُصَلِّ أَرْبَعاً»
And from him, from Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim. He said:
I asked Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, about a man who enters Makkah from his journey and the time of prayer has already entered. Imam عليه السلام said: “He should pray two rak‘ahs. And if he departs for his journey and the time of prayer has already entered, then he should pray four rak‘ahs.”
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 2, p. 13
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb
وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيَّ وَقْتُ اَلصَّلاَةِ وَأَنَا فِي اَلسَّفَرِ فَلاَ أُصَلِّي حَتَّى أَدْخُلَ أَهْلِي قَالَ« صَلِّ وَأَتِمَّ اَلصَّلاَةَ» قُلْتُ فَدَخَلَ وَقْتُ اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ أَنَا فِي أَهْلِي أُرِيدُ اَلسَّفَرَ فَلاَ أُصَلِّي حَتَّى أَخْرُجَ قَالَ« فَصَلِّ وَ قَصِّرْ وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَقَدْ وَ اَللَّهِ خَالَفْتَ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ»
And he also narrated from Safwan and Muhammad ibn Sinan from Isma‘il ibn Jabir. He said:
I said to Abu Abdillah عليه السلام: “The time of prayer enters upon me while I am on a journey, so I do not pray until I reach my family.” Imam عليه السلام said: “Pray and complete the prayer.” I asked: “And if the time of prayer enters upon me while I am with my family, and I intend to travel, so I do not pray until I depart?” Imam عليه السلام said: “Then pray and shorten the prayer, and if you do not, then by Allah سبحانه وتعالى, you have opposed the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family.”
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 2, p. 14
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb
وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً عَنِ اَلنَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ اَلصَّلاَةِ وَ هُوَ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ فَأَخَّرَ اَلصَّلاَةَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ فَهُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَهَا إِذَا قَدِمَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَنَسِيَ حِينَ قَدِمَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَهَا حَتَّى ذَهَبَ وَقْتُهَا قَالَ« يُصَلِّيهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ صَلاَةَ اَلْمُسَافِرِ لِأَنَّ اَلْوَقْتَ دَخَلَ وَ هُوَ مُسَافِرٌ كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ»
And he also narrated from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Musa ibn Bakr from Zurarah from Abu Ja’far عليه السلام:
Imam عليه السلام was asked about a man upon whom the time of prayer had entered while he was on a journey, but he delayed the prayer until he arrived (home), intending to pray it after returning to his family, but then he forgot to pray it upon arrival until its time had passed. Imam عليه السلام said: “He should pray it as two rak’ahs, the prayer of a traveler, because the time entered upon him while he was traveling. It would have been proper for him to pray it at that time.”
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 2, p. 14
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb, p. 138
وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً عَنِ اَلنَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« اَلصَّلاَةُ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ رَكْعَتَانِ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَ لاَ بَعْدَهُمَا شَيْءٌ إِلاَّ اَلْمَغْرِبَ ثَلاَثٌ»
And he also narrated from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Abdillah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام.
Imam عليه السلام said: “The prayer during travel is two rak’ahs, there is nothing before them and nothing after them, except for Maghrib, which is three.”
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 2, p. 14
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb, p. 138
وَ رَوَى أَيْضاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ تَطَوُّعاً فِي اَلسَّفَرِ قَالَ« لاَ تُصَلِّ قَبْلَ اَلرَّكْعَتَيْنِ وَ لاَ بَعْدَهُمَا شَيْئاً نَهَاراً»
And he also narrated from Safwan ibn Yahya from al-’Alaʾ from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of the two Imams, peace be upon them. He said:
I asked Him عليه السلام about supererogatory prayer during travel. Imam عليه السلام said: “Do not pray anything before the two rak’ahs (of an obligatory prayer), nor after them, during the day.”
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 2, p. 14
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb, p. 138
وَ رَوَى عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ صَلَّيْتُ اَلظُّهْرَ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَ أَنَا فِي اَلسَّفَرِ قَالَ« أَعِدْ»
And he narrated from Fadalah from Hammad ibn Uthman from ‘Ubayd Allah al-Halabi. He said:
I said to Abu Abdillah عليه السلام: “I prayed Dhuhr as four rak’ahs while I was on a journey.” Imam عليه السلام said: “Repeat it (the prayer).”
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 2, p. 14
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb
وَ رَوَى عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُمَا قَالاَ: «اَلصَّلاَةُ فِي اَلسَّفَرِ رَكْعَتَانِ لَيْسَ قَبْلَهُمَا وَ لاَ بَعْدَهُمَا شَيْءٌ»
And he narrated from Safwan ibn Yahya from Hudhayfah ibn Mansur from Abu Ja’far عليه السلام and Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon them both:
The Imams عليه السلام said: “The prayer during travel is two rak’ahs, there is nothing before them and nothing after them.”
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 2, p. 15
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb, p. 138
هذه الاخبار كلها دالة على تفصيل ما ذكره في الكتاب وأنا بمشية الله استوفي الكلام على وجوب التقصير فيما بعد إن شاء الله تعالى
All of these narrations indicate the detailed explanation of what was mentioned in the book. And, if Allah سبحانه وتعالى wills, I shall, with His سبحانه وتعالى permission, complete the discussion on the obligation of shortening the prayer (during travel) later, Allah سبحانه وتعالى willing.
Commentary #1