Chapter on the Detailed Explanation of Prayer, Including the Obligatory and Recommended, and What is Permissible and Not Permissible.

So this report is in agreement with the view of the general public (‘al-‘ammah’), for they are the ones who give a choice in this matter, whereas the ruling we act upon is what we have already presented. The Shaykh (Al-Mufid), may Allah سبحانه وتعالى support him, said: ‘The imam recites aloud in the Friday prayer…’ up to his statement: ‘And whoever misses the night prayer…’, we shall mention that in its appropriate chapters, Allah سبحانه وتعالى willing. The Shaykh (Al-Mufid), may Allah سبحانه وتعالى support him, said: ‘Whoever misses the night prayer should make it up at the beginning of the day; and if he is unable to do that, he should make it up on the second night before performing it, at the end of the night. And if he makes it up after the night prayer (‘ishaʾ al-akhirah’) before sleeping, that suffices for him. Likewise, whoever forgets the recommended day prayers (‘nawafil al-nahar’) or is too preoccupied to perform them, may make them up at night. And if he misses making them up at night, he should make them up the next day during the daytime.’