The Chapter on Tayammum (Dry Ablution)
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 1|Book 1|Chapter 22
وَ سَأَلَ عُبَيْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ إِذَا أَجْنَبَ وَ لَمْ يَجِدِ اَلْمَاءَ قَالَ «يَتَيَمَّمُ بِالصَّعِيدِ فَإِذَا وَجَدَ اَلْمَاءَ فَلْيَغْتَسِلْ وَ لاَ يُعِيدُ اَلصَّلاَةَ» وَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَمُرُّ بِالرَّكِيَّةِ وَ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ دَلْوٌ قَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ اَلرَّكِيَّةَ لِأَنَّ رَبَّ اَلْمَاءِ هُوَ رَبُّ اَلْأَرْضِ فَلْيَتَيَمَّمْ» وَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُجْنِبُ وَ مَعَهُ قَدْرُ مَا يَكْفِيهِ مِنَ اَلْمَاءِ لِوُضُوءِ اَلصَّلاَةِ أَ يَتَوَضَّأُ بِالْمَاءِ أَوْ يَتَيَمَّمُ قَالَ «لاَ بَلْ يَتَيَمَّمُ أَ لاَ تَرَى أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ عَلَيْهِ نِصْفُ اَلْوُضُوءِ.
Ubaidullah ibn Ali Al-Halabi asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام about a man who becomes junub (ritually impure due to sexual discharge) and does not find water. Imam عليه السلام said: 'He should perform tayammum with clean earth (sa’eed), and when he finds water, he should perform ghusl, but he does not need to repeat the prayer.' He also asked about a man who passes by a well but does not have a bucket with him. Imam عليه السلام said: 'He is not required to enter the well because the Lord عز وجل of the water is also the Lord عز وجل of the earth, so he should perform tayammum.'. He asked further about a man who becomes junub and has only enough water to perform wudu (ablution) for prayer; should he use the water for wudu or perform tayammum? Imam عليه السلام said: 'No, he should perform tayammum. Do you not see that only half of wudu is required of him?'
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh