Chapter on Pre-Emption
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 3|Book 1|Chapter 35
وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلشُّفْعَةِ لِمَنْ هِيَ وَ فِي أَيِّ شَيْءٍ هِيَ وَ هَلْ تَكُونُ فِي اَلْحَيَوَانِ شُفْعَةٌ وَ كَيْفَ هِيَ قَالَ "اَلشُّفْعَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ حَيَوَانٍ أَوْ أَرْضٍ أَوْ مَتَاعٍ إِذَا كَانَ اَلشَّيْءُ بَيْنَ شَرِيكَيْنِ لاَ غَيْرِهِمَا فَبَاعَ أَحَدُهُمَا نَصِيبَهُ فَشَرِيكُهُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ فَإِنْ زَادَ عَلَى اَلاِثْنَيْنِ فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ".
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام was asked about preemption (shufah)-to whom it applies, in what cases it is valid, and whether it applies to animals. Imam عليه السلام replied: "Preemption is obligatory in everything-be it animals, land, or goods-if the property is shared between two partners and one of them sells his share. In such a case, his partner has more right to it than anyone else. However, if there are more than two partners, then none of them has a right to preemption."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 192