Chapter on Categories of Fasting and the Explanation of All of Them with Clarification

Ali ibn al-Hasan, from Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Zurarah, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, from Aban ibn Uthman al-Ahmar, from Kathir al-Nawwa, from Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him: Imam عليه السلام said: “The ark came to rest on the day of Ashura (tenth of Muharram) upon al-Judi, so Nuh عليه السلام, peace be upon him, commanded those who were with him from the jinn and mankind to fast that day.” And Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: “Do you know what this day is? This is the day on which Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Mighty and Majestic, turned in repentance toward Adam عليه السلام and Hawwa صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, peace be upon her; And this is the day on which the Majestic Allah سبحانه وتعالى split the sea for the Children of Israel, so Allah سبحانه وتعالى drowned Firaun and those with him; And this is the day on which Musa عليه السلام, peace be upon him, overcame Firaun; And this is the day on which Ibrahim عليه السلام, peace be upon him, was born; And this is the day on which Allah سبحانه وتعالى turned in repentance toward the people of Prophet Yunus عليه السلام, peace be upon him; And this is the day on which Isa ibn Maryam عليه السلام, peace be upon him, was born; And this is the day on which al-Qaim (ajf), peace be upon him, will rise.”