The Imamate of al-Bāqir, Abī Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAlī عليه السلام

[1] Meaning that Saʿd attributed the statement to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله while skipping relaying the intermediaries in the chain of transmission. Refer to Shahīd al-Thānī’s قدس الله سره definition of a raised (مرفوع) tradition in Sharḥ al-Bidāya fī ʿIlm al-Dirāya, p. 32: وهو: ما أضيفَ إلى المعصوم من قولٍ﴾ بأنْ يقولَ في الرواية: إنّه عليه السلام قال كذا ﴿أو فعلٍ﴾ بأنْ يقولَ: فعلَ كذا ﴿أو تقريرٍ﴾ بأنْ يقولَ: فعلَ فلانٌ بحضرته كذا ولم يُنكره عليه، فإنّه يكون قد أقرّه عليه، وأوْلى منه ما لو صرّح، بالتقرير. ﴿سواءٌ كان﴾ إسناده ﴿متّصلاً﴾ بالمعصوم بالمعنى السابق ﴿أم مُنقطعاً﴾ بترك بعض الرواة، أو إبهامهِ، أو رواية بعض رجال سَنَده عمّن لم يَلْقه...ويختصّ المرفوعُ بما أُضيفَ إلى المعصوم بإسنادٍ مُنقطعٍ. It is: whatever is attributed to an Infallible, be it a statement—as in, whenever one says: “He عليه السلام said such-and-such,” or an action—as in, whenever one says: “He did such-and-such, or approved of it,” such that one says: “So-and-so did such-and-such in his presence, and he did not object to it,” then he approved of it, and it is stronger if he explicitly approved of such. This applies regardless of whether the chain of transmission is connected to the Infallible, according to the aforementioned meaning, or disconnected, on account of leaving out some transmitters, or leaving them unspecified, or some men tracing the chain of transmission back to someone they did not meet...The raised (مرفوع) tradition is distinguished by its attribution to an Infallible with a disconnected chain of transmission.