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wa-lā yaḥzunka lladhīna yusāriʿūna fī l-kufri ʾinnahum lan yaḍurrū llāha shayʾan yurīdu llāhu ʾallā yajʿala lahum ḥaẓẓan fī l-ʾākhirati wa-lahum ʿadhābun ʿaẓīmun
Do not grieve for those who are active in unfaith; they will not hurt Allah in the least: Allah desires to give them no share in the Hereafter, and there is a great punishment for them.
— Ali Quli Qarai
Surah 'Ali-Imran, Verse 176
176. "And-let not those who hasten on to disbelief grieve you. Verily they will never harm Allah at all, Allah intends to assign them no fortune in the Hereafter and they will have a great Torment."
It seemed that the people who were defeated in the Battle of 'Uhud were afraid of each other. They thought what would happen then that they were defeated and the infidels returned to Mecca Victoriously. In answer to them, the verse says that they would not be worried, because it was the respite of Allah in order that they could fill the capacity of their infidelity and that they do not have any merit in the coming world.
Explanations
1. Keep your peace and calmness, because the effort of disbelievers is ineffective in obliteration of Islam.
2. Wishful hastening in the field of infidelity deprives individuals, from having eligibility of repentance and receiving the grace of Allah.
3. The infidelity of people does no harm to His Pure Essence.
4. To give respite to disbelievers is the way of treatment of Allah, not as a sign of unawareness or incapability unto it.
5. Both the wrath of Allah and His Grace are great. (In the former couple of verses, the Qur'an gave glad tidings to the grace of Allah for those wounded strivers who got prepared for the second time to go to fight by the command of the Prophet (S). Here, it also refers to the great punishment belonging to the stubborn infidels).