41FuṣṣilatفصلتVerse 1 of 54

Explained in Detail41. Fuṣṣilatفصلت

Fuṣṣilat

Fuṣṣilat

Explained in detail

Meccan54 verses41 / 114

41

Page 477

ḥ-m (ḥā mīm)

Ha, Meem.

— Ali Quli Qarai

tanzīlun mina r-raḥmāni r-raḥīmi

A [gradually] sent down [revelation] from the All-beneficent, the All-merciful,

— Ali Quli Qarai

kitābun fuṣṣilat ʾāyātuhū qurʾānan ʿarabiyyan li-qawmin yaʿlamūna

[this is] a Book whose signs have been elaborated for a people who have knowledge, an Arabic Quran,

— Ali Quli Qarai

bashīran wa-nadhīran fa-ʾaʿraḍa ʾaktharuhum fa-hum lā yasmaʿūna

a bearer of good news and a warner. But most of them turn away [from it], [and] so they do not listen.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-qālū qulūbunā fī ʾakinnatin mimmā tadʿūnā ʾilayhi wa-fī ʾādhāninā waqrun wa-min bayninā wa-baynika ḥijābun fa-ʿmal ʾinnanā ʿāmilūna

They say, ‘Our hearts are in veils [which shut them off] from what you invite us to, and there is a deafness in our ears, and there is a curtain between us and you. So act [as your faith requires]; we too are acting [according to our own].’

— Ali Quli Qarai

qul ʾinnamā ʾana basharun mithlukum yūḥā ʾilayya ʾannamā ʾilāhukum ʾilāhun wāḥidun fa-staqīmū ʾilayhi wa-staghfirūhu wa-waylun li-l-mushrikīna

Say, ‘I am just a human like you. It has been revealed to me that your God is the One God. So worship Him single-mindedly and plead to Him for forgiveness.’ And woe to the polytheists

— Ali Quli Qarai

alladhīna lā yuʾtūna z-zakāta wa-hum bi-l-ʾākhirati hum kāfirūna

—those who do not pay the zakat and disbelieve in the Hereafter.

— Ali Quli Qarai

ʾinna lladhīna ʾāmanū wa-ʿamilū ṣ-ṣāliḥāti lahum ʾajrun ghayru mamnūnin

As for those who have faith and do righteous deeds, there will be an everlasting reward for them.

— Ali Quli Qarai

qul ʾa-ʾinnakum la-takfurūna bi-lladhī khalaqa l-ʾarḍa fī yawmayni wa-tajʿalūna lahū ʾandādan dhālika rabbu l-ʿālamīna

Say, ‘Do you really disbelieve in Him who created the earth in two days, and ascribe partners to Him? That is the Lord of all the worlds!’

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-jaʿala fīhā rawāsiya min fawqihā wa-bāraka fīhā wa-qaddara fīhā ʾaqwātahā fī ʾarbaʿati ʾayyāmin sawāʾan li-s-sāʾilīna

He set in it firm mountains, [rising] above it, blessed it, and ordained in it, in four days, [various] means of sustenance, equally for all seekers.

— Ali Quli Qarai

thumma stawā ʾilā s-samāʾi wa-hiya dukhānun fa-qāla lahā wa-li-l-ʾarḍi ʾtiyā ṭawʿan ʾaw karhan qālatā ʾataynā ṭāʾiʿīna

Then He turned to the heaven, and it was smoke, and He said to it and to the earth, ‘Come, willingly or unwillingly!’ They said, ‘We come obediently.’

— Ali Quli Qarai

Page 478

fa-qaḍāhunna sabʿa samāwātin fī yawmayni wa-ʾawḥā fī kulli samāʾin ʾamrahā wa-zayyannā s-samāʾa d-dunyā bi-maṣābīḥa wa-ḥifẓan dhālika taqdīru l-ʿazīzi l-ʿalīmi

Then He set them up as seven heavens in two days, and revealed [to the angels] in each heaven its ordinance. We have adorned the lowest heaven with lamps, and guarded them. That is the ordaining of the All-mighty, the All-knowing.

— Ali Quli Qarai

fa-ʾin ʾaʿraḍū fa-qul ʾandhartukum ṣāʿiqatan mithla ṣāʿiqati ʿādin wa-thamūda

But if they turn away, say, ‘I warn you of a thunderbolt, like the thunderbolt of ‘Ad and Thamud.’

— Ali Quli Qarai

ʾidh jāʾathumu r-rusulu min bayni ʾaydīhim wa-min khalfihim ʾallā taʿbudū ʾillā llāha qālū law shāʾa rabbunā la-ʾanzala malāʾikatan fa-ʾinnā bi-mā ʾursiltum bihī kāfirūna

When the apostles came to them, before them and in their own time, saying, ‘Worship no one except Allah!’ They said, ‘Had our Lord wished, He would have sent down angels [to us]. We indeed disbelieve in what you have been sent with.’

— Ali Quli Qarai

fa-ʾammā ʿādun fa-stakbarū fī l-ʾarḍi bi-ghayri l-ḥaqqi wa-qālū man ʾashaddu minnā quwwatan ʾa-wa-lam yaraw ʾanna llāha lladhī khalaqahum huwa ʾashaddu minhum quwwatan wa-kānū bi-ʾāyātinā yajḥadūna

As for [the people of] ‘Ad, they acted arrogantly in the earth unduly, and they said, ‘Who is more powerful than us?’ Did they not see that Allah, who created them, is more powerful than them? They used to impugn Our signs;

— Ali Quli Qarai

fa-ʾarsalnā ʿalayhim rīḥan ṣarṣaran fī ʾayyāmin naḥisātin li-nudhīqahum ʿadhāba l-khizyi fī l-ḥayāti d-dunyā wa-la-ʿadhābu l-ʾākhirati ʾakhzā wa-hum lā yunṣarūna

so We unleashed upon them an icy gale during ill-fated days, in order that We might make them taste a humiliating punishment in the life of the world. Yet the punishment of the Hereafter will be surely more disgraceful, and they will not be helped.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-ʾammā thamūdu fa-hadaynāhum fa-staḥabbū l-ʿamā ʿalā l-hudā fa-ʾakhadhathum ṣāʿiqatu l-ʿadhābi l-hūni bi-mā kānū yaksibūna

As for [the people of] Thamud, We guided them, but they preferred blindness to guidance. So the bolt of a humiliating punishment seized them because of what they used to earn.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-najjaynā lladhīna ʾāmanū wa-kānū yattaqūna

And We delivered those who had faith and were Godwary.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-yawma yuḥsharu ʾaʿdāʾu llāhi ʾilā n-nāri fa-hum yūzaʿūna

The day the enemies of Allah are marched out toward the Fire, while they are in check,

— Ali Quli Qarai

ḥattā ʾidhā mā jāʾūhā shahida ʿalayhim samʿuhum wa-ʾabṣāruhum wa-julūduhum bi-mā kānū yaʿmalūna

when they come to it, their hearing, their eyes and their skins will bear witness against them concerning what they used to do.

— Ali Quli Qarai

Page 479

wa-qālū li-julūdihim li-ma shahidtum ʿalaynā qālū ʾanṭaqanā llāhu lladhī ʾanṭaqa kulla shayʾin wa-huwa khalaqakum ʾawwala marratin wa-ʾilayhi turjaʿūna

They will say to their skins, ‘Why did you bear witness against us?’ They will say, ‘We were given speech by Allah, who gave speech to all things. He created you the first time, and you are being brought back to Him.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-mā kuntum tastatirūna ʾan yashhada ʿalaykum samʿukum wa-lā ʾabṣārukum wa-lā julūdukum wa-lākin ẓanantum ʾanna llāha lā yaʿlamu kathīran mimmā taʿmalūna

You did not use to conceal yourselves [while perpetrating sinful acts] lest your hearing, your eyes, or your skins should bear witness against you, but you thought that Allah did not know most of what you did.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-dhālikum ẓannukumu lladhī ẓanantum bi-rabbikum ʾardākum fa-ʾaṣbaḥtum mina l-khāsirīna

That misjudgement, which you entertained about your Lord ruined you. So you became losers.’

— Ali Quli Qarai

fa-ʾin yaṣbirū fa-n-nāru mathwan lahum wa-ʾin yastaʿtibū fa-mā hum mina l-muʿtabīna

Should they be patient, the Fire is their abode; and should they seek to propitiate [Allah], they will not be redeemed.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-qayyaḍnā lahum quranāʾa fa-zayyanū lahum mā bayna ʾaydīhim wa-mā khalfahum wa-ḥaqqa ʿalayhimu l-qawlu fī ʾumamin qad khalat min qablihim mina l-jinni wa-l-ʾinsi ʾinnahum kānū khāsirīna

We have assigned them companions who make their present [conduct] and future [state] seem decorous to them, and the word became due against them along with the nations of jinn and humans that passed away before them. They were indeed losers.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-qāla lladhīna kafarū lā tasmaʿū li-hādhā l-qurʾāni wa-lghaw fīhi laʿallakum taghlibūna

The faithless say, ‘Do not listen to this Quran and hoot it down so that you may prevail [over the Apostle].’

— Ali Quli Qarai

fa-la-nudhīqanna lladhīna kafarū ʿadhāban shadīdan wa-la-najziyannahum ʾaswaʾa lladhī kānū yaʿmalūna

We will surely make the faithless taste a severe punishment, and We will surely requite them by the worst of what they used to do.

— Ali Quli Qarai

dhālika jazāʾu ʾaʿdāʾi llāhi n-nāru lahum fīhā dāru l-khuldi jazāʾan bi-mā kānū bi-ʾāyātinā yajḥadūna

That is the requital of the enemies of Allah—the Fire! In it, they will have an everlasting abode, as a requital for their impugning Our signs.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-qāla lladhīna kafarū rabbanā ʾarinā lladhayni ʾaḍallānā mina l-jinni wa-l-ʾinsi najʿalhumā taḥta ʾaqdāminā li-yakūnā mina l-ʾasfalīna

The faithless will say, ‘Our Lord! Show us those who led us astray from among jinn and humans so that we may trample them under our feet, so that they may be among the lowermost!’

— Ali Quli Qarai

Page 480

ʾinna lladhīna qālū rabbunā llāhu thumma staqāmū tatanazzalu ʿalayhimu l-malāʾikatu ʾallā takhāfū wa-lā taḥzanū wa-ʾabshirū bi-l-jannati llatī kuntum tūʿadūna

Indeed those who say, ‘Our Lord is Allah!’ and then remain steadfast, the angels descend upon them, [saying,] ‘Do not fear, nor be grieved! Receive the good news of the paradise, which you have been promised.

— Ali Quli Qarai

naḥnu ʾawliyāʾukum fī l-ḥayāti d-dunyā wa-fī l-ʾākhirati wa-lakum fīhā mā tashtahī ʾanfusukum wa-lakum fīhā mā taddaʿūna

We are your friends in the life of this world and in the Hereafter, and you will have in it whatever your souls desire, and you will have in it whatever you ask for,

— Ali Quli Qarai

nuzulan min ghafūrin raḥīmin

as a hospitality from One all-forgiving, all-merciful.’

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-man ʾaḥsanu qawlan mimman daʿā ʾilā llāhi wa-ʿamila ṣāliḥan wa-qāla ʾinnanī mina l-muslimīna

Who has a better call than him who summons to Allah and acts righteously and says, ‘Indeed I am one of the Muslims’?

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-lā tastawī l-ḥasanatu wa-lā s-sayyiʾatu dfaʿ bi-llatī hiya ʾaḥsanu fa-ʾidhā lladhī baynaka wa-baynahū ʿadāwatun ka-ʾannahū waliyyun ḥamīmun

Good and evil [conduct] are not equal. Repel [evil] with what is best. [If you do so,] he between whom and you was enmity, will then be as though he were a sympathetic friend.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-mā yulaqqāhā ʾillā lladhīna ṣabarū wa-mā yulaqqāhā ʾillā dhū ḥaẓẓin ʿaẓīmin

But none is granted it except those who are patient, and none is granted it except the greatly endowed.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-ʾimmā yanzaghannaka mina sh-shayṭāni nazghun fa-staʿidh bi-llāhi ʾinnahū huwa s-samīʿu l-ʿalīmu

Should an incitement from Satan prompt you [to ill feeling], seek the protection of Allah. Indeed, He is the All-hearing, the All-knowing.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-min ʾāyātihi l-laylu wa-n-nahāru wa-sh-shamsu wa-l-qamaru lā tasjudū li-sh-shamsi wa-lā li-l-qamari wa-sjudū li-llāhi lladhī khalaqahunna ʾin kuntum ʾiyyāhu taʿbudūna

Among His signs are night and day, and the sun and the moon. Do not prostrate to the sun, nor to the moon, but prostrate to Allah who created them, if it is Him that you worship.

— Ali Quli Qarai

fa-ʾini stakbarū fa-lladhīna ʿinda rabbika yusabbiḥūna lahū bi-l-layli wa-n-nahāri wa-hum lā yasʾamūna

But if they disdain [the worship of Allah], those who are near your Lord glorify Him night and day, and they are not wearied.

— Ali Quli Qarai

Page 481

wa-min ʾāyātihī ʾannaka tarā l-ʾarḍa khāshiʿatan fa-ʾidhā ʾanzalnā ʿalayhā l-māʾa htazzat wa-rabat ʾinna lladhī ʾaḥyāhā la-muḥyi l-mawtā ʾinnahū ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīrun

Among His signs, is that you see the earth desolate; but when We send down water upon it, it stirs and swells. Indeed, He who revives it will also revive the dead. Indeed, He has power over all things.

— Ali Quli Qarai

ʾinna lladhīna yulḥidūna fī ʾāyātinā lā yakhfawna ʿalaynā ʾa-fa-man yulqā fī n-nāri khayrun ʾam man yaʾtī ʾāminan yawma l-qiyāmati ʿmalū mā shiʾtum ʾinnahū bi-mā taʿmalūna baṣīrun

Those who abuse Our signs are not hidden from Us. Is someone who is cast in the Fire better off, or someone who arrives safely on the Day of Resurrection? Act as you wish; indeed He watches what you do.

— Ali Quli Qarai

ʾinna lladhīna kafarū bi-dh-dhikri lammā jāʾahum wa-ʾinnahū la-kitābun ʿazīzun

Those who reject the Reminder when it comes to them... Indeed, it is an august Book:

— Ali Quli Qarai

lā yaʾtīhi l-bāṭilu min bayni yadayhi wa-lā min khalfihī tanzīlun min ḥakīmin ḥamīdin

falsehood cannot approach it, at present or in future, a [revelation gradually] sent down from One all-wise, all-laudable.

— Ali Quli Qarai

mā yuqālu laka ʾillā mā qad qīla li-r-rusuli min qablika ʾinna rabbaka la-dhū maghfiratin wa-dhū ʿiqābin ʾalīmin

Nothing is said to you except what has already been said to the apostles before you. Indeed your Lord is One who forgives and also metes out a painful retribution.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-law jaʿalnāhu qurʾānan ʾaʿjamiyyan la-qālū law-lā fuṣṣilat ʾāyātuhū ʾa-aʿjamiyyun wa-ʿarabiyyun qul huwa li-lladhīna ʾāmanū hudan wa-shifāʾun wa-lladhīna lā yuʾminūna fī ʾādhānihim waqrun wa-huwa ʿalayhim ʿaman ʾulāʾika yunādawna min makānin baʿīdin

Had We made it a non-Arabic Quran, they would have said, ‘Why have not its signs been articulated?’ ‘What! A non-Arabian [scripture] and an Arabian [prophet]!?’ Say, ‘It is guidance and healing for those who have faith. As for those who are faithless, there is a deafness in their ears and it is lost to their sight: [to them it is as if] they were called from a distant place.’

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-la-qad ʾātaynā mūsā l-kitāba fa-khtulifa fīhi wa-law-lā kalimatun sabaqat min rabbika la-quḍiya baynahum wa-ʾinnahum la-fī shakkin minhu murībin

Certainly We gave Moses the Book, but differences arose about it; and were it not for a prior decree of your Lord, judgement would have been made between them, for they are in grave doubt concerning it.

— Ali Quli Qarai

man ʿamila ṣāliḥan fa-li-nafsihī wa-man ʾasāʾa fa-ʿalayhā wa-mā rabbuka bi-ẓallāmin li-l-ʿabīdi

Whoever acts righteously, it is for [the benefit of] his own soul, and whoever does evil, it is to its detriment, and your Lord is not tyrannical to His servants.

— Ali Quli Qarai

Page 482

ʾilayhi yuraddu ʿilmu s-sāʿati wa-mā takhruju min thamarātin min ʾakmāmihā wa-mā taḥmilu min ʾunthā wa-lā taḍaʿu ʾillā bi-ʿilmihī wa-yawma yunādīhim ʾayna shurakāʾī qālū ʾādhannāka mā minnā min shahīdin

On Him devolves the knowledge of the Hour, and no fruit emerges from its covering and no female conceives or delivers except with His knowledge. On the day when He will call out to them, ‘Where are My ‘partners’?’ They will say, ‘We informed You that there is no witness amongst us.’

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-ḍalla ʿanhum mā kānū yadʿūna min qablu wa-ẓannū mā lahum min maḥīṣin

What they used to invoke before has forsaken them, and they know there is no escape for them.

— Ali Quli Qarai

lā yasʾamu l-ʾinsānu min duʿāʾi l-khayri wa-ʾin massahu sh-sharru fa-yaʾūsun qanūṭun

Man is never wearied of supplicating for good, and should any ill befall him, he becomes hopeless and despondent.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-la-ʾin ʾadhaqnāhu raḥmatan minnā min baʿdi ḍarrāʾa massathu la-yaqūlanna hādhā lī wa-mā ʾaẓunnu s-sāʿata qāʾimatan wa-la-ʾin rujiʿtu ʾilā rabbī ʾinna lī ʿindahū la-l-ḥusnā fa-la-nunabbiʾanna lladhīna kafarū bi-mā ʿamilū wa-la-nudhīqannahum min ʿadhābin ghalīẓin

If, after distress has befallen him, We let him have a taste of Our mercy, he says, ‘This is my due! I do not think the Hour will ever come, and in case I am returned to my Lord, I will indeed have the best [reward] with Him.’ So We will surely inform the faithless about what they have done, and will surely make them taste a harsh punishment.

— Ali Quli Qarai

wa-ʾidhā ʾanʿamnā ʿalā l-ʾinsāni ʾaʿraḍa wa-naʾā bi-jānibihī wa-ʾidhā massahu sh-sharru fa-dhū duʿāʾin ʿarīḍin

When We bless man, he is disregardful and turns aside; but when an ill befalls him, he makes protracted supplications.

— Ali Quli Qarai

qul ʾa-raʾaytum ʾin kāna min ʿindi llāhi thumma kafartum bihī man ʾaḍallu mimman huwa fī shiqāqin baʿīdin

Say, ‘Tell me, if it is from Allah and you disbelieve in it, who will be more astray than those who are in extreme defiance.’

— Ali Quli Qarai

sa-nurīhim ʾāyātinā fī l-ʾāfāqi wa-fī ʾanfusihim ḥattā yatabayyana lahum ʾannahu l-ḥaqqu ʾa-wa-lam yakfi bi-rabbika ʾannahū ʿalā kulli shayʾin shahīdun

Soon We shall show them Our signs in the horizons and in their own souls until it becomes clear to them that He is the Real. Is it not sufficient that your Lord is witness to all things?

— Ali Quli Qarai

ʾa-lā ʾinnahum fī miryatin min liqāʾi rabbihim ʾa-lā ʾinnahū bi-kulli shayʾin muḥīṭun

Indeed, they are in doubt about the encounter with their Lord! Indeed, He embraces all things!

— Ali Quli Qarai