Chapter on Establishing Ihram, Its Conditions, Nullification, and the Prayer for it
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 2|Book 3|Chapter 50
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh
Volume 2, Book 3, Chapter 50
Chapter on Establishing Ihram, Its Conditions, Nullification, and the Prayer for it
12 hadiths · 1 commentary
رَوَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «لاَ يَكُونُ إِحْرَامٌ إِلاَّ فِي دُبُرِ صَلاَةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ أَوْ نَافِلَةٍ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ مَكْتُوبَةً أَحْرَمْتَ فِي دُبُرِهَا بَعْدَ اَلتَّسْلِيمِ وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ نَافِلَةً صَلَّيْتَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ أَحْرَمْتَ فِي دُبُرِهَا فَإِذَا اِنْفَتَلْتَ مِنَ اَلصَّلاَةِ فَاحْمَدِ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ أَثْنِ عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلِّ عَلَى اَلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ تَقُولُ: اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَنِي مِمَّنِ اِسْتَجَابَ لَكَ وَ آمَنَ بِوَعْدِكَ وَ اِتَّبَعَ أَمْرَكَ فَإِنِّي عَبْدُكَ وَ فِي قَبْضَتِكَ لاَ أُوقَى إِلاَّ مَا وَقَيْتَ وَ لاَ آخُذُ إِلاَّ مَا أَعْطَيْتَ وَ قَدْ ذَكَرْتَ اَلْحَجَّ فَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَعْزِمَ لِي عَلَيْهِ عَلَى كِتَابِكَ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّكَ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ تُقَوِّيَنِي عَلَى مَا ضَعُفْتُ عَنْهُ وَ تَتَسَلَّمَ مِنِّي مَنَاسِكِي فِي يُسْرٍ مِنْكَ وَ عَافِيَةٍ وَ اِجْعَلْنِي مِنْ وَفْدِكَ اَلَّذِينَ رَضِيتَ وَ اِرْتَضَيْتَ وَ سَمَّيْتَ وَ كَتَبْتَ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي خَرَجْتُ مِنْ شُقَّةٍ بَعِيدَةٍ وَ أَنْفَقْتُ مَالِيَ اِبْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِكَ اَللَّهُمَّ فَتَمِّمْ لِي حَجِّي اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ اَلتَّمَتُّعَ «بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى اَلْحَجِّ» عَلَى كِتَابِكَ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّكَ صَلَوَاتُكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَإِنْ عَرَضَ لِي عَارِضٌ يَحْبِسُنِي فَحُلَّنِي حَيْثُ حَبَسْتَنِي لِقَدَرِكَ اَلَّذِي قَدَّرْتَ عَلَيَّ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ حَجَّةً فَعُمْرَةً أَحْرَمَ لَكَ شَعْرِي وَ بَشَرِي وَ لَحْمِي وَ دَمِي وَ عِظَامِي وَ مُخِّي وَ عَصَبِي مِنَ اَلنِّسَاءِ وَ اَلثِّيَابِ وَ اَلطِّيبِ أَبْتَغِي بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَكَ وَ اَلدَّارَ اَلْآخِرَةَ يُجْزِيكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ هَذَا مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً حِينَ تُحْرِمُ ثُمَّ قُمْ فَامْشِ هُنَيْئَةً فَإِذَا اِسْتَوَتْ بِكَ اَلْأَرْضُ مَاشِياً كُنْتَ أَوْ رَاكِباً فَلَبِّ ».
Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام that he said: "There is no Ihram except after a prescribed prayer (fard) or a recommended prayer (nafl). If it is a prescribed prayer, you enter Ihram after completing it with the Taslim. If it is a recommended prayer, you pray two units (rak'ahs) and then enter Ihram after completing them. When you finish the prayer, praise Allah سبحانه وتعالى, glorify Him, and send blessings upon the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family). Then say: 'O Allah سبحانه وتعالى, I ask You to make me among those who respond to You, believe in Your promise, and follow Your command. I am Your servant, in Your grasp. I am only protected by what You protect and only receive what You give. You have mentioned Hajj, so I ask You to grant me the determination to perform it according to Your Book and the Sunnah of Your Prophet (peace be upon him and his family). Strengthen me in what I am weak and accept my rituals from me with ease and well-being. Make me among Your guests whom You are pleased with, have chosen, named, and recorded among the righteous. O Allah سبحانه وتعالى, I have come from a distant land, spent my wealth seeking Your pleasure. O Allah سبحانه وتعالى, complete my Hajj for me. O Allah سبحانه وتعالى, I intend to perform Tamattu' with Umrah joined to Hajj according to Your Book and the Sunnah of Your Prophet (peace be upon him and his family). If a hindrance prevents me, release me at the place where You stop me, by Your decree that You have destined for me. O Allah سبحانه وتعالى, if this is not Hajj, then make it an Umrah. My hair, skin, flesh, blood, bones, brain, and nerves enter Ihram for You, abstaining from women, clothing, and fragrances, seeking Your Face and the Hereafter.' It suffices to say this once when entering Ihram. Then stand and walk a little. When the ground levels under you, whether you are walking or riding, begin the Talbiyah."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ سَأَلَ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَلَيْلاً أَحْرَمَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ أَمْ نَهَاراً؟ فَقَالَ: «نَهَاراً» فَقُلْتُ: أَيَّ سَاعَة؟ٍ قَالَ: «صَلاَةَ اَلظُّهْرِ» فَسَأَلْتُهُ مَتَى تَرَى أَنْ نُحْرِمَ قَالَ «سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْكُمْ إِنَّمَا أَحْرَمَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ صَلاَةَ اَلظُّهْرِ لِأَنَّ اَلْمَاءَ كَانَ قَلِيلاً كَانَ يَكُونُ فِي رُءُوسِ اَلْجِبَالِ فَيُهَجِّرُ اَلرَّجُلُ إِلَى مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ اَلْغَدِ فَلاَ يَكَادُونَ يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى اَلْمَاءِ وَ إِنَّمَا أُحْدِثَتْ هَذِهِ اَلْمِيَاهُ حَدِيثاً».
Al-Halabi asked Abu Abdullah عليه السلام: "Did the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family) enter the state of Ihram at night or during the day?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "During the day." I asked: "At what time?" Imam عليه السلام said: "At the time of the Zuhr prayer." I then asked him: "When do you think we should enter Ihram?" Imam عليه السلام said: "It is the same for you. The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family) entered Ihram at the time of the Zuhr prayer because water was scarce and was only found at the tops of the mountains. A man would set out in the afternoon and find himself in a similar situation the next day, struggling to find water. These water sources have only been made available recently."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَمَتَّعَ «بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى اَلْحَجِّ» فَكَيْفَ أَقُولُ فَقَالَ «تَقُولُ اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ اَلتَّمَتُّعَ «بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى اَلْحَجِّ» عَلَى كِتَابِكَ وَ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّكَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَضْمَرْتَ اَلَّذِي تُرِيدُ».
Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Hammad ibn Uthman, who said: "I said to Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, 'I want to perform Tamattu' with Umrah joined to Hajj. How should I express my intention?' Imam عليه السلام replied: 'Say: O Allah سبحانه وتعالى, I intend to perform Tamattu' with Umrah joined to Hajj, according to Your Book and the Sunnah of Your Prophet. And if you wish, you may internally intend what you want.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 127
سَأَلَهُ حُمْرَانُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ حُلَّنِي حَيْثُ حَبَسْتَنِي قَالَ «هُوَ حِلٌّ حَيْثُ حَبَسَهُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ أَوْ لَمْ يَقُلْ.
Humran ibn A'yan asked Imam عليه السلام about a person who says, "Release me where You have restrained me." Imam عليه السلام said: "He is released where Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty, has restrained him, whether he says it or does not say it."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 127
وَ رَوَى حَفْصُ بْنُ اَلْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ وَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ اَلْحَجَّاجِ وَ اَلْحَلَبِيُّ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلشَّجَرَةِ فَقُلْ وَ أَنْتَ قَاعِدٌ فِي دُبُرِ اَلصَّلاَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقُومَ مَا يَقُولُ اَلْمُحْرِمُ ثُمَّ قُمْ فَامْشِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ اَلْمِيلَ وَ تَسْتَوِيَ بِكَ اَلْبَيْدَاءُ فَإِذَا اِسْتَوَتْ بِكَ اَلْبَيْدَاءُ فَلَبِّ ».
Hafs ibn al-Bakhtari, Mu'awiyah ibn Ammar, Abdul Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj, and al-Halabi all narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who said: "When you pray in Masjid al-Shajarah, say while seated after your prayer and before you stand: the words that a Muhrim (one in Ihram) says. Then stand, walk until you reach the mile marker, and enter the flat terrain of al-Bayda'. When you are in the flat terrain of al-Bayda', begin the Talbiyah."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 127
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ هِشَامِ بْنِ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِذَا أَحْرَمْتَ مِنْ غَمْرَةَ أَوْ بَرِيدِ اَلْبَعْثِ صَلَّيْتَ وَ قُلْتَ مَا يَقُولُ اَلْمُحْرِمُ فِي دُبُرِ صَلاَتِكَ وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَبَّيْتَ مِنْ مَوْضِعِكَ وَ اَلْفَضْلُ أَنْ تَمْشِيَ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ تُلَبِّيَ ».
In a narration from Hisham ibn al-Hakam, from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, he said: "If you enter the state of Ihram from Ghamrah or Barid al-Ba’th, you should pray and say what a Muhrim says after the prayer. If you wish, you may recite the Talbiyah from where you are, but it is better to walk a little and then recite the Talbiyah."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اِبْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يَأْتِي ذَا اَلْحُلَيْفَةِ أَوْ بَعْضَ اَلْأَوْقَاتِ بَعْدَ صَلاَةِ اَلْعَصْرِ أَوْ فِي غَيْرِ وَقْتِ صَلاَةٍ قَالَ «لاَ يَنْتَظِرُ حَتَّى تَكُونَ اَلسَّاعَةُ اَلَّتِي يُصَلَّى فِيهَا وَ إِنَّمَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ مَخَافَةَ اَلشُّهْرَةِ ».
In a narration from Ibn Faddal, from Abu al-Hasan عليه السلام, regarding a man who arrives at Dhu al-Hulayfah or one of the Miqats after the Asr prayer or outside the time of prayer. Imam عليه السلام said: "He does not need to wait until the time of prayer. The instruction was given [to pray at specific times] only out of concern for public visibility [to avoid attracting undue attention]."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى حَفْصُ بْنُ اَلْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِيمَنْ عَقَدَ اَلْإِحْرَامَ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلشَّجَرَةِ ثُمَّ وَقَعَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُلَبِّيَ قَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ ».
Hafs ibn al-Bakhtari narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام regarding someone who entered Ihram at Masjid al-Shajarah and then had intercourse with his spouse before reciting the Talbiyah. Imam عليه السلام said: "There is nothing upon him [no penalty]."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 127
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْعَزِيزِ قَالَ: اِغْتَسَلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِذِي اَلْحُلَيْفَةِ لِلْإِحْرَامِ وَ صَلَّى ثُمَّ قَالَ «هَاتُوا مَا عِنْدَكُمْ مِنْ لُحُومِ اَلصَّيْدِ، فَأُتِيَ بِحَجَلَتَيْنِ فَأَكَلَهُمَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ ».
In a narration from Aban, from Ali ibn Abdul Aziz, he said: "Abu Abdullah عليه السلام performed ghusl at Dhu al-Hulayfah for Ihram, prayed, and then said: 'Bring me what you have from the meat of game.' Two partridges were brought to him, and he ate them before entering the state of Ihram."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَ عَقَدَ فِي مَسْجِدِ اَلشَّجَرَةِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَأُتِيَ بِخَبِيصٍ فِيهِ زَعْفَرَانٌ فَأَكَلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُلَبِّيَ مِنْهُ.
In a narration from Abdul Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj, from Imam عليه السلام: He prayed two units of prayer and entered Ihram at Masjid al-Shajarah. Then he went out and was brought a dessert containing saffron, and he ate from it before reciting the Talbiyah.
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى عَنْهُ وَهْبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ: فِي رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ مَعَهُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ لَهُ فَأَحْرَمَتْ قَبْلَ سَيِّدِهَا أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْقُضَ إِحْرَامَهَا وَ يَطَأَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ قَالَ «نَعَمْ».
Wahb ibn Abd Rabbih narrated from Imam عليه السلام regarding a man whose concubine entered the state of Ihram before her master. He asked: "Is it permissible for him to nullify her Ihram and have intercourse with her before entering Ihram himself?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "Yes."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 127
وَ كَتَبَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا إِلَى أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي رَجُلٍ دَخَلَ مَسْجِدَ اَلشَّجَرَةِ فَصَلَّى وَ أَحْرَمَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنَ اَلْمَسْجِدِ فَبَدَا لَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُلَبِّيَ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْقُضَ ذَلِكَ بِمُوَاقَعَةِ اَلنِّسَاءِ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «نَعَمْ» أَوْ «لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ ».
One of our companions wrote to Abu Ibrahim عليه السلام regarding a man who entered Masjid al-Shajarah, prayed, and entered Ihram. Then, before reciting the Talbiyah, he left the mosque and decided to nullify his Ihram by engaging in intercourse with women. Imam عليه السلام wrote in reply: "Yes" or "There is no harm in it."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
Commentary #1