Chapter on the Rulings of Congregational Prayer (the Minimum Number for Congregational Prayer, the Description of the Imam, Who Is to Be Followed and Who Is Not to Be Followed, Recitation Behind Both of Them, the Rulings of Those Led in Prayer, and Other Such Rulings Related to It)

This is not in contradiction to what we previously mentioned that if one does not hear the recitation in a prayer where recitation is done aloud, then he should recite because Imam عليه السلام, peace be upon him, statement: “whether you hear his recitation or do not hear it,” may be understood to mean that he heard a kind of hearing that is not clearly distinguishable in precise detail, even if he heard part of it. For we have already clarified that if he hears something like that of ‘murmuring’ (hammhamah), it suffices him. And it has also been narrated that if one does not hear the recitation in a prayer where the recitation is done aloud, then he has the choice if he wishes, he may recite, and if he wishes, he may remain silent based on what he sees appropriate. And the more precautionary view is what we previously stated. This was narrated: