Chapter on the Rules of Menstruation, Istihadah, and Nifas, and Purification From Them
Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām|Volume 1|Book 1|Chapter 7
Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām
Book 1, Chapter 7
Chapter on the Rules of Menstruation, Istihadah, and Nifas, and Purification From Them
مَا أَخْبَرَنِي بِهِ اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُوسَى اَلتَّلَّعُكْبَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ اِبْنِ عُقْدَةَ اَلْحَافِظِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ اَلْأَوْدِيِّ وَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبْدُونٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْمَلِكِ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ اَلصَّحَّافِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ أُمَّ وَلَدٍ لِي تَرَى اَلدَّمَ وَ هِيَ حَامِلٌ كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ بِالصَّلاَةِ قَالَ فَقَالَ« إِذَا رَأَتِ اَلْحَامِلُ اَلدَّمَ بَعْدَ مَا يَمْضِي عِشْرُونَ يَوْماً مِنَ اَلْوَقْتِ اَلَّذِي كَانَتْ تَرَى فِيهِ اَلدَّمَ مِنَ اَلشَّهْرِ اَلَّذِي كَانَتْ تَقْعُدُ فِيهِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَيْسَ مِنَ اَلرَّحِمِ وَ لاَ مِنَ اَلطَّمْثِ فَلْتَتَوَضَّأْ وَ لْتَحْتَشِ بِالْكُرْسُفِ وَ تُصَلِّي وَ إِذَا رَأَتِ اَلْحَامِلُ اَلدَّمَ قَبْلَ اَلْوَقْتِ اَلَّذِي كَانَتْ تَرَى فِيهِ اَلدَّمَ بِقَلِيلٍ أَوْ فِي اَلْوَقْتِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ اَلشَّهْرِ فَإِنَّهُ مِنَ اَلْحَيْضَةِ فَلْتُمْسِكْ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ عَدَدَ أَيَّامِهَا اَلَّتِي كَانَتْ تَقْعُدُ فِي حَيْضِهَا فَإِنِ اِنْقَطَعَ اَلدَّمُ عَنْهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَلْتَغْتَسِلْ وَ لْتُصَلِّ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَنْقَطِعْ عَنْهَا اَلدَّمُ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ أَنْ تَمْضِيَ اَلْأَيَّامُ اَلَّتِي كَانَتْ تَرَى اَلدَّمَ فِيهَا بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ فَلْتَغْتَسِلْ وَ لْتَحْتَشِ وَ لْتَسْتَثْفِرْ وَ تُصَلِّي اَلظُّهْرَ وَ اَلْعَصْرَ ثُمَّ لْتَنْظُرْ فَإِنْ كَانَ اَلدَّمُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهَا وَ بَيْنَ اَلْمَغْرِبِ لاَ يَسِيلُ مِنْ خَلْفِ اَلْكُرْسُفِ فَلْتَتَوَضَّأْ وَ لْتُصَلِّ عِنْدَ وَقْتِ كُلِّ صَلاَةٍ مَا لَمْ تَطْرَحِ اَلْكُرْسُفَ عَنْهَا فَإِنْ طَرَحَتِ اَلْكُرْسُفَ عَنْهَا وَ سَالَ اَلدَّمُ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهَا اَلْغُسْلُ» قَالَ« وَ إِنْ طَرَحَتِ اَلْكُرْسُفَ عَنْهَا وَ لَمْ يَسِلِ اَلدَّمُ فَلْتَوَضَّأْ وَ لْتُصَلِّ وَ لاَ غُسْلَ عَلَيْهَا» قَالَ وَ« إِنْ كَانَ اَلدَّمُ إِذَا أَمْسَكَتِ اَلْكُرْسُفَ يَسِيلُ مِنْ خَلْفِ اَلْكُرْسُفِ صَبِيباً لاَ يَرْقَأُ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ تَغْتَسِلَ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَ لَيْلَةٍ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَ تَحْتَشِيَ وَ تُصَلِّيَ تَغْتَسِلَ لِلْفَجْرِ وَ تَغْتَسِلَ لِلظُّهْرِ وَاَلْعَصْرِ وَ تَغْتَسِلَ لِلْمَغْرِبِ وَاَلْعِشَاءِ اَلْآخِرَةِ» قَالَ «وَ كَذَلِكَ تَفْعَلُ اَلْمُسْتَحَاضَةُ فَإِنَّهَا إِذَا فَعَلَتْ ذَلِكَ أَذْهَبَ اَللَّهُ بِالدَّمِ عَنْهَا».
It was narrated to me by Al-Husayn ibn Ubaydullah from Abu Muhammad Harun ibn Musa Al-Tala’akbari, from Abu Al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa’id Ibn Uqda Al-Hafidh, from Ahmad ibn Al-Husayn ibn Abdul Malik Al-Awdi; and also narrated to me by Ahmad ibn Ubdun from Abu Al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Al-Zubair, from Ahmad ibn Al-Husayn ibn Abdul Malik, from Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Husayn ibn Nuaim Al-Sahhaf, who said:
I said to Abu Abdullah عليه السلام: "A slave woman of mine sees blood while she is pregnant. What should she do regarding prayer?" Imam عليه السلام said: "If a pregnant woman sees blood after twenty days have passed from the time she would normally see blood in the month during which she would menstruate, this blood is neither from the womb nor menstrual blood. She should perform wudu, insert a cotton pad, and pray. However, if the pregnant woman sees blood a little before or at the time she would normally see it in the month, it is menstrual blood. She should refrain from prayer for the number of days she used to menstruate. If the blood stops before this duration, she should perform ghusl and pray. If the blood does not stop until one or two days after the usual days of menstruation, she should perform ghusl, insert a cotton pad, secure it, and pray Dhuhr and Asr. Then she should observe: if the blood does not seep through the cotton before Maghrib, she should perform wudu and pray each prayer at its time without removing the cotton. If she removes the cotton and the blood flows, she must perform ghusl. Imam عليه السلام said: "If she removes the cotton and the blood does not flow, she should perform wudu and pray, and no ghusl is required." Imam عليه السلام added: "If the blood flows continuously and does not stop even with the cotton, she must perform ghusl three times daily: once for Fajr, once for Dhuhr and Asr together, and once for Maghrib and Isha together. She should insert the cotton and pray. Similarly, the mustahadah (woman experiencing irregular bleeding) must do the same. If she follows this procedure, Allah سبحانه وتعالى will reduce the blood flow for her."
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 1, p. 176
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb, p. 85