Chapter on Sunnahs of Fasting
Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām|Volume 4|Book 2|Chapter 9
عَلِيُّ بْنُ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلنَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ جَرَّاحٍ اَلْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» إِنَّ اَلصِّيَامَ لَيْسَ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ اَلشَّرَابِ وَحْدَهُ« ثُمَّ قَالَ» قَالَتْ مَرْيَمُ» إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمٰنِ صَوْماً« أَيْ صَمْتاً فَإِذَا صُمْتُمْ فَاحْفَظُوا أَلْسِنَتَكُمْ وَغُضُّوا أَبْصَارَكُمْ وَ لاَ تَنَازَعُوا وَلاَ تَحَاسَدُوا« قَالَ» وَ سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ اِمْرَأَةً تُسَابُّ جَارِيَةً لَهَا وَ هِيَ صَائِمَةٌ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ بِطَعَامٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا» كُلِي« فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي صَائِمَةٌ فَقَالَ» كَيْفَ تَكُونِينَ صَائِمَةً وَ قَدْ سَبَبْتِ جَارِيَتَكِ إِنَّ اَلصَّوْمَ لَيْسَ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ اَلشَّرَابِ««.
Ali ibn Mahziyar, from al-Husayn ibn Said, from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd, from al-Qasim ibn Sulayman, from Jarrah al-Madaini, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him:
Imam عليه السلام said: “Indeed, fasting is not from food and drink alone.” Then Imam عليه السلام said: “Mary صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said, ‘Indeed, I have vowed a fast to the Most Merciful,’ meaning silence. (Surah Maryam 19:26) So when you fast, guard your tongues, lower your gazes, do not dispute, and do not envy one another.” Imam عليه السلام said: “And the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, heard a woman abusing a slave girl of hers while she was fasting. So the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, called for food and said to her: “Eat.” She replied: “I am fasting.” So the Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: ‘How can you be fasting when you have abused your slave girl? Indeed, fasting is not (only) from food and drink.’”
- Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 4, p. 258
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Tahdhīb, p. 357