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fa-ʾarsalnā ʿalayhimu ṭ-ṭūfāna wa-l-jarāda wa-l-qummala wa-ḍ-ḍafādiʿa wa-d-dama ʾāyātin mufaṣṣalātin fa-stakbarū wa-kānū qawman mujrimīna
So We sent against them a flood and locusts, lice, frogs and blood, as distinct signs. But they acted arrogantly, and they were a guilty lot.
— Ali Quli Qarai
Surah al-‘Araf – Verse 133
133 . “So We sent against them the flood and the locusts and the vermin and the frogs and the blood as distinct signs, yet they acted proudly and they were a guilty people.”
The Arabic term /tūfān/ in the Persian language means: ‘hurricane’, but in the Arabic language it has been used with the sense of: ‘a violate flood’. In Mufradāt-i-Rāqib, it is cited that the word /tūfān/ is applied for any common event which is horrible. The Arabic word /qummal/ means: some small insects, such as: lice, ants, aphis, and a kind of insects. ‘Blood’, which was among the divine signs and a punishment for the opponents of the people of Moses (as), means: the change of water(s) into blood, or a common bleeding of people.
The attack of locusts, flood, and ‘water being altered into blood’ were ordained only against the people of Pharaoh, while the Children of Israel were in security. The explanation of these punishments have been mentioned in the Turah, too. Some evidences are as follows: 1- The river turned into blood…. Exodus, Chapter 7, verse 20 2- Swarm of flies…. Exodus, Chapter 8, verse 21 and verse 24 3- The plague of hail…. Exodus, Chapter 9, verse 24 and verse 25
4- The attack of locusts…. Exodus, Chapter 10, verses 12 and 14 After Allah’s warning and people’s heedlessness, it is the turn of some grievous retributions to come forth. The verse says:
Living creatures are the agents of Allah. Their mission is sometimes to bring mercy, like the spider’s web at the doorway of the cave for the protection of the Messenger of Allah (S). And, it is sometimes a chastisement mission, like that of the swallows, and, in this verse, the mission of frogs and locusts. However, many calamities are often for training. In any retribution, there is a respite for people to contemplate and repent and return to the Straight Path. Therefore, the Divine retributions come after completing the argument.
They saw the divine sign and punishment, yet they acted arrogantly. The verse says: