Chapter on the Etiquettes of the Fasting Person, What Invalidates the Fast, and What Does Not Invalidate it
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 2|Book 2|Chapter 12
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh
Volume 2, Book 2, Chapter 12
Chapter on the Etiquettes of the Fasting Person, What Invalidates the Fast, and What Does Not Invalidate it
31 hadiths · 8 commentaries
رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «لاَ يَضُرُّ اَلصَّائِمَ مَا صَنَعَ إِذَا اِجْتَنَبَ أَرْبَعَ خِصَالٍ اَلطَّعَامَ وَ اَلشَّرَابَ وَ اَلنِّسَاءَ وَ اَلاِرْتِمَاسَ فِي اَلْمَاءِ ».
Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far عليه السلام, who said: "The fasting person is not harmed by what he does as long as he avoids four things: eating, drinking, women, and immersing himself in water."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 91
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ اَلْكَذِبَ عَلَى اَللَّهِ وَ عَلَى اَلْأَئِمَّةِ عَلَيْهِمُ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُفَطِّرُ اَلصَّائِمَ ».
In a narration from Mansur ibn Yunus, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام: "Lying about Allah سبحانه وتعالى and about the Imams عليه السلام invalidates the fast."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 92
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِذَا صُمْتَ فَلْيَصُمْ سَمْعُكَ وَ بَصَرُكَ وَ شَعْرُكَ وَ جِلْدُكَ وَ عَدَّدَ أَشْيَاءَ غَيْرَ هَذَا» وَ قَالَ «لاَ يَكُونُ يَوْمُ صَوْمِكَ كَيَوْمِ فِطْرِكَ ».
Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Imam عليه السلام that Imam عليه السلام said: "When you fast, let your hearing, your sight, your hair, and your skin also fast," and Imam mentioned other things besides these. Imam عليه السلام also said: "The day of your fast should not be like the day when you are not fasting."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 92
وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَرِهَ لِي سِتَّ خِصَالٍ وَ كَرِهْتُهُنَّ لِلْأَوْصِيَاءِ مِنْ وُلْدِي وَ أَتْبَاعِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي أَحَدُهَا اَلرَّفَثُ فِي اَلصَّوْمِ ».
The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Indeed, Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Blessed and Exalted, has disliked six traits for me, and I have disliked them for the successors from among my progeny and their followers after me. One of them is indecency during fasting."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَنِ اَلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ اَلصِّيَامَ لَيْسَ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ اَلشَّرَابِ وَحْدَهُ إِنَّ مَرْيَمَ قَالَتْ «إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمٰنِ صَوْماً » أَيْ صَمْتاً فَاحْفَظُوا أَلْسِنَتَكُمْ وَ غُضُّوا أَبْصَارَكُمْ وَ لاَ تَحَاسَدُوا وَ لاَ تَنَازَعُوا فَإِنَّ اَلْحَسَدَ يَأْكُلُ اَلْإِيمَانَ كَمَا تَأْكُلُ اَلنَّارُ اَلْحَطَبَ».
Abu Basir narrated from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام that he said: "Fasting is not limited to refraining from food and drink alone. Indeed, Maryam said, ‘I have vowed a fast to the Most Merciful’ (i.e., silence). So, guard your tongues, lower your gazes, do not envy one another, and do not quarrel. Indeed, envy consumes faith just as fire consumes wood."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «عَلَيْكُمْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِكَثْرَةِ اَلاِسْتِغْفَارِ وَ اَلدُّعَاءِ فَأَمَّا اَلدُّعَاءُ فَيَدْفَعُ عَنْكُمُ اَلْبَلاَءَ وَ أَمَّا اَلاِسْتِغْفَارُ فَتُمْحَى بِهِ ذُنُوبُكُمْ ».
Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib عليه السلام said: "During the Month of Ramadan, engage abundantly in seeking forgiveness and supplication. As for supplication, it wards off affliction from you, and as for seeking forgiveness, it erases your sins."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لاَ تُنْشِدِ اَلشِّعْرَ بِلَيْلٍ وَ لاَ تُنْشِدْهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِلَيْلٍ وَ لاَ نَهَارٍ» فَقَالَ لَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَا أَبَتَاهْ وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِينَا قَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «وَ إِنْ كَانَ فِينَا ».
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام said: "Do not recite poetry at night, and do not recite it during the nights or days of Month of Ramadan." Isma'il then asked him, "O my father, even if it is about us?" Imam عليه السلام replied, "Even if it is about us."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ صَائِمٍ يُشْتَمُ فَيَقُولُ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ سَلاَمٌ عَلَيْكَ لاَ أَشْتِمُكَ كَمَا تَشْتِمُنِي إِلاَّ قَالَ اَلرَّبُّ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى اِسْتَجَارَ عَبْدِي بِالصَّوْمِ مِنْ شَرِّ عَبْدِي قَدْ أَجَرْتُهُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ.
The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "If a fasting servant is insulted and responds by saying, 'I am fasting; peace be upon you. I will not insult you as you have insulted me,' the Lord عز وجل, Blessed and Exalted, says: 'My servant has sought refuge through fasting from the evil of My servant; I have granted him protection from the Fire.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ اِمْرَأَةً تَسُبُّ جَارِيَةً لَهَا وَ هِيَ صَائِمَةٌ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ بِطَعَامٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا «كُلِي» فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي صَائِمَةٌ فَقَالَ «كَيْفَ تَكُونِينَ صَائِمَةً وَ قَدْ سَبَبْتِ جَارِيَتَكِ إِنَّ اَلصَّوْمَ لَيْسَ مِنَ اَلطَّعَامِ وَ اَلشَّرَابِ فَقَطْ ».
The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family) heard a woman insulting her servant while she was fasting. The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family) called for food and said to her, "Eat." She replied: "I am fasting." He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: "How can you be fasting when you have insulted your servant? Indeed, fasting is not merely abstaining from food and drink."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِذَا صُمْتَ فَلْيَصُمْ سَمْعُكَ وَ بَصَرُكَ مِنَ اَلْحَرَامِ وَ اَلْقَبِيحِ وَ دَعِ اَلْمِرَاءَ وَ أَذَى اَلْخَادِمِ وَ لْيَكُنْ عَلَيْكَ وَقَارُ اَلصَّائِمِ وَ لاَ تَجْعَلْ يَوْمَ صَوْمِكَ كَيَوْمِ فِطْرِكَ ».
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام said: "When you fast, let your hearing and your sight refrain from the unlawful and the reprehensible. Avoid argumentation and harming the servant. Let there be upon you the dignity of a fasting person, and do not make the day of your fast like the day of your breaking the fast."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
اَلْحَلَبِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: «إِنَّا إِذَا أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَحْتَجِمَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اِحْتَجَمْنَا بِاللَّيْلِ».
Al-Halabi narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who said: "When we wish to perform cupping (hijamah) during the Month of Ramadan, we do it at night."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
قَالَ: وَ سَأَلْتُهُ أَ يَحْتَجِمُ اَلصَّائِمُ فَقَالَ «إِنِّي أَتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهِ مَا يَتَخَوَّفُ بِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ» قَالَ قُلْتُ مَا [ذَا] تَتَخَوَّفُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ «اَلْغَشْيَ أَنْ تَثُورَ بِهِ مِرَّةٌ» قُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ قَوِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ لَمْ يَخْشَ شَيْئاً قَالَ «نَعَمْ إِنْ شَاءَ.
He said: "I asked him, 'Can a fasting person perform cupping (hijamah)?' Imam عليه السلام replied: 'I fear for him what he might fear for himself.' I asked: 'What do you fear for him?' Imam عليه السلام said: 'Fainting or the stirring of bile.' I asked: 'What if he is strong enough and does not fear anything?' Imam عليه السلام said: 'Yes, if he wishes.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ كَانَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَحْتَجِمَ اَلصَّائِمُ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يُغْشَى عَلَيْهِ فَيُفْطِرَ.
Amir al-Mu'minin عليه السلام disliked that a fasting person perform cupping (hijamah) out of fear that he might faint and thus break his fast.
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
ولا بأس أن يكتحل الصائم بكحل فيه مسك ولا بأس أن يكتحل بالحضض ولا بأس بأن يستاك بالماء أو بالعود الرطب يجد طعمه، أي النهار شاء.
There is no harm if the fasting person applies kohl containing musk, applies kohl with colocynth, or uses a tooth-stick (siwak) dipped in water or a moist stick that has a taste, at any time during the day.
وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْقَلْسِ أَ يُفَطِّرُ اَلصَّائِمَ فَقَالَ «لاَ». ولا بأس بالمضمضة والاستنشاق للصائم، فإذا تمضمض واستنشق فلا يبلع ريقه حتى يبزق ثلاثا، وإن تمضمض فدخل الماء حلقه فإن كان ذلك لوضوء الصلاة فلا قضاء عليه.
Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far عليه السلام, that he was asked about regurgitation (qalas): "Does it invalidate the fast?" Imam عليه السلام said: "No."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 92
ولا بأس بالمضمضة والاستنشاق للصائم، فإذا تمضمض واستنشق فلا يبلع ريقه حتى يبزق ثلاثا، وإن تمضمض فدخل الماء حلقه فإن كان ذلك لوضوء الصلاة فلا قضاء عليه.
There is no harm for the fasting person in rinsing the mouth or inhaling water into the nostrils. However, if he does so, he should not swallow his saliva until he spits three times. If water enters his throat while rinsing for ablution (wudu) for prayer, then there is no need for him to make up the fast.
وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَبِثَ بِالْمَاءِ يَتَمَضْمَضُ بِهِ مِنْ عَطَشٍ فَدَخَلَ حَلْقَهُ قَالَ «عَلَيْهِ قَضَاؤُهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي وُضُوءٍ فَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ».
Sama'ah ibn Mihran asked Abu Abdullah عليه السلام about a man who played with water by rinsing his mouth due to thirst, and it entered his throat. Imam عليه السلام said: "He must make up his fast. However, if it was during ablution (wudu), there is no harm in it."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 92
قَالَ: وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْقَيْءِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ شَيْءٌ يَذْرَعُهُ فَلاَ بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ شَيْءٌ يُكْرِهُ عَلَيْهِ نَفْسَهُ فَقَدْ أَفْطَرَ وَ عَلَيْهِ اَلْقَضَاءُ ».
He said: I asked him about vomiting during the Month of Ramadan. Imam عليه السلام said: "If it happens involuntarily, there is no harm. However, if he forces himself to vomit, then his fast is invalidated, and he must make it up."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 92
وَ سَأَلَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ اَلْبَزَنْطِيُّ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَحْتَقِنُ تَكُونُ بِهِ اَلْعِلَّةُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «اَلصَّائِمُ لاَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْتَقِنَ ».
Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanti asked Abu al-Hasan al-Ridha عليه السلام about a man who uses an enema due to illness during the Month of Ramadan. Imam عليه السلام said: "A fasting person is not permitted to use an enema."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 92
ولا يجوز للصائم أن يستعط ولا بأس أن يصب الدواء في اذنه، ولا بأس أن يزق الفرخ ويمضغ الخبز للرضيع من غير أن يبلع شيئا ولا بأس بأن يشم الطيب إلا المسحوق منه فإنه يصعد إلى دماغه، ولا بأس بأن يذوق الطباخ المرق وهو صائم بلسانه من غير أن يبلعه ليعرف حلوه من حامضه.
A fasting person is also not allowed to apply medicine through the nostrils. However, there is no harm in pouring medicine into the ear, feeding a bird, or chewing bread for an infant without swallowing anything. There is no harm in smelling perfumes, except powdered ones, as they ascend to the brain. Similarly, there is no harm for a cook to taste broth with his tongue to determine its sweetness or sourness, as long as he does not swallow it.
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلرَّجُلُ يَجْعَلُ اَلنَّوَاةَ فِي فِيهِ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ قَالَ «لاَ» قُلْتُ فَيَجْعَلُ اَلْخَاتَمَ قَالَ «نَعَمْ». ومن احتلم بالنهار في شهر رمضان فليتم صيامه ولا قضاء عليه.
It was narrated from Mansur ibn Hazim that he said: "I asked Abu Abdullah عليه السلام about a man who places a date seed in his mouth while fasting. Imam عليه السلام said: 'No.' I then asked: 'What about placing a ring?' Imam عليه السلام said: 'Yes.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
ومن احتلم بالنهار في شهر رمضان فليتم صيامه ولا قضاء عليه.
If someone has a wet dream during the day in the Month of Ramadan, he should complete his fast, and there is no need for him to make it up.
وَ رَوَى عَمَّارُ بْنُ مُوسَى اَلسَّابَاطِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي اَلصَّائِمِ يَنْزِعُ ضِرْسَهُ قَالَ «لاَ وَ لاَ يُدْمِي فَمَهُ ».
Ammar ibn Musa al-Sabati narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام regarding a fasting person who extracts a tooth. Imam عليه السلام said: "No, and his mouth should not bleed."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رُوِيَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِذَا صَامَ تَطَيَّبَ بِالطِّيبِ وَ يَقُولُ «اَلطِّيبُ تُحْفَةُ اَلصَّائِمُ ».
It was narrated from Hasan ibn Rashid that he said: "When Abu Abdullah عليه السلام fasted, he would apply perfume and say, 'Perfume is a gift for the fasting person.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَدْخُلُ اَلْحَمَّامَ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ مَا لَمْ يَخْشَ ضَعْفاً».
Al-Ala narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far عليه السلام, that he was asked about a man entering the bathhouse while fasting. Imam عليه السلام said: "There is no harm as long as he does not fear weakness."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 92
ولا بأس بالقبلة للصائم للشيخ الكبير، فأما الشاب الشبق فلا، فإنه لا يؤمن أن تسبقه شهوته.
There is no harm in kissing for a fasting elderly man. However, as for a young man with strong desires, it is not allowed because it is not guaranteed that his desire will not overpower him.
وَ قَدْ سُئِلَ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُقَبِّلُ اِمْرَأَتَهُ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ قَالَ «هَلْ هِيَ إِلاَّ رَيْحَانَةٌ يَشَمُّهَا». وأفضل ذلك أن يتنزه الصائم عن القبلة.
The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was asked about a man kissing his wife while he is fasting. He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: "Is she anything but a fragrant flower to smell?"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وأفضل ذلك أن يتنزه الصائم عن القبلة.
However, it is better for the fasting person to avoid kissing altogether.
فَقَدْ قَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «أَ مَا يَسْتَحْيِي أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ لاَ يَصْبِرَ يَوْماً إِلَى اَللَّيْلِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ يُقَالُ إِنَّ بَدْءَ اَلْقِتَالِ اَللِّطَامُ ». ولو أن رجلا لصق بأهله في شهر رمضان فأدفق كان عليه عتق رقبة.
Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib عليه السلام said: "Does one of you not feel ashamed that they cannot endure (fasting) until the evening? It was said in the past that the beginning of fighting is slapping."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
ولو أن رجلا لصق بأهله في شهر رمضان فأدفق كان عليه عتق رقبة.
If a man engages closely with his wife during the Month of Ramadan and ejaculates, he is obligated to free a slave.
وَ سَأَلَ رِفَاعَةُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ لاَمَسَ جَارِيَتَهُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَأَمْذَى قَالَ «إِنْ كَانَ حَرَاماً فَلْيَسْتَغْفِرِ اَللَّهَ اِسْتِغْفَارَ مَنْ لاَ يَعُودُ أَبَداً وَ يَصُومُ يَوْماً مَكَانَ يَوْمٍ ».
Rifa'ah ibn Musa asked Abu Abdullah عليه السلام about a man who touched his female servant during the Month of Ramadan and emitted pre-ejaculatory fluid (madhy). Imam عليه السلام said: "If it was unlawful, then he must seek Allah’s سبحانه وتعالى forgiveness with the repentance of one who will never repeat it, and he must fast one day in place of that day."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ سَأَلَهُ سَمَاعَةُ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَلْصَقُ بِأَهْلِهِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «مَا لَمْ يَخَفْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَلاَ بَأْسَ.
Sama'ah asked Imam عليه السلام about a man who closely interacts with his wife during the Month of Ramadan. Imam عليه السلام said: "As long as he does not fear for himself, there is no harm."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 93
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْفَيْضِ اَلتَّيْمِيُّ عَنِ اِبْنِ رِئَابٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: يَنْهَى عَنِ اَلنَّرْجِسِ لِلصَّائِمِ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ وَ لِمَ قَالَ «لِأَنَّهُ رَيْحَانُ اَلْأَعَاجِمِ».
Muhammad ibn al-Faydh al-Taymi narrated from Ibn Ri'ab, who said: "I heard Abu Abdullah عليه السلام forbidding the use of narcissus (nargis) for the fasting person. I asked: 'May I be your ransom, why?' Imam عليه السلام replied: "Because it is the fragrant herb of the non-Arabs (al-A'jam)."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلْمُحْرِمِ يَشَمُّ اَلرَّيْحَانَ قَالَ «لاَ» قِيلَ فَالصَّائِمُ قَالَ «لاَ» قِيلَ يَشَمُّ اَلصَّائِمُ اَلْغَالِيَةَ وَ اَلدُّخْنَةَ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قِيلَ كَيْفَ حَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَشَمَّ اَلطِّيبَ وَ لاَ يَشَمَّ اَلرَّيْحَانَ قَالَ «لِأَنَّ اَلطِّيبَ سُنَّةٌ وَ اَلرَّيْحَانَ بِدْعَةٌ لِلصَّائِمِ ».
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام was asked about a person in a state of Ihram smelling basil. Imam عليه السلام said: "No." Imam عليه السلام was asked about a fasting person. Imam عليه السلام said: "No." Imam عليه السلام was asked if a fasting person may smell perfume or incense. Imam عليه السلام said: "Yes." Imam عليه السلام was asked: "How is it permissible for him to smell perfume but not basil?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "Because perfume is a Sunnah, while basil is an innovation for the fasting person."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ كَانَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِذَا صَامَ لاَ يَشَمُّ اَلرَّيْحَانَ فَسُئِلَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ «أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُخَلِّطَ صَوْمِي بِلَذَّةٍ.
Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام, when fasting, would not smell basil. He was asked about this, and Imam عليه السلام said: "I dislike mixing my fast with pleasure."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وروي " أن من تطيب بطيب أول النهار وهو صائم لم يكد يفقد عقله ".
It is narrated: "Whoever applies perfume early in the day while fasting is unlikely to lose his sanity."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يَجِدُ اَلْبَرْدَ أَ يَدْخُلُ مَعَ أَهْلِهِ فِي لِحَافٍ وَ هُوَ صَائِمٌ قَالَ «يَجْعَلُ بَيْنَهُمَا ثَوْباً». وَ قَدْ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «رُخْصَةً لِلشَّيْخِ فِي اَلْمُبَاشَرَةِ.
Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far عليه السلام that he was asked about a man who feels cold. Can he share a blanket with his wife while fasting? Imam عليه السلام said: "He should place a cloth between them." It is narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Imam عليه السلام: "[There is] a concession for the elderly in physical closeness." - permitting physical closeness for an elderly person.
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 93
وَ سَأَلَ حَنَانُ بْنُ سَدِيرٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلصَّائِمِ يَسْتَنْقِعُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ قَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ وَ لَكِنْ لاَ يَغْمِسْ وَ اَلْمَرْأَةُ لاَ تَسْتَنْقِعُ فِي اَلْمَاءِ لِأَنَّهَا تَحْمِلُ اَلْمَاءَ بِقُبُلِهَا».
Hanan ibn Sadir asked Abu Abdullah عليه السلام about a fasting person immersing himself in water. Imam عليه السلام said: "There is no harm, but he should not submerge his head. As for a woman, she should not immerse herself in water because it may carry water into her private part."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 93
Commentary #1