Chapter on Prohibition of Shedding Blood and Taking Wealth Unlawfully, the Prohibition of Engaging in the Impermissible, and Repentance From Killing Whether Intentional or Accidental
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh|Volume 4|Book 1|Chapter 19
Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh
Volume 4, Book 1, Chapter 19
Chapter on Prohibition of Shedding Blood and Taking Wealth Unlawfully, the Prohibition of Engaging in the Impermissible, and Repentance From Killing Whether Intentional or Accidental
24 hadiths · 1 commentary
رَوَى زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَقَفَ بِمِنًى حِينَ قَضَى مَنَاسِكَهُ فِي حَجَّةِ اَلْوَدَاعِ فَقَالَ "أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ اِسْمَعُوا مَا أَقُولُ لَكُمْ وَ اِعْقِلُوهُ فَإِنِّي لاَ أَدْرِي لَعَلِّي لاَ أَلْقَاكُمْ فِي هَذَا اَلْمَوْقِفِ بَعْدَ عَامِنَا هَذَا" ثُمَّ قَالَ "أَيُّ يَوْمٍ أَعْظَمُ حُرْمَةً" قَالُوا هَذَا اَلْيَوْمُ قَالَ "فَأَيُّ شَهْرٍ أَعْظَمُ حُرْمَةً" قَالُوا هَذَا اَلشَّهْرُ قَالَ "فَأَيُّ بَلْدَةٍ أَعْظَمُ حُرْمَةً" قَالُوا هَذِهِ اَلْبَلْدَةُ قَالَ "فَإِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ حَرَامٌ كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا إِلَى يَوْمِ تَلْقَوْنَهُ فَيَسْأَلُكُمْ عَنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ أَلاَ هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ" قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ "اَللَّهُمَّ اِشْهَدْ أَلاَ وَ مَنْ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ أَمَانَةٌ فَلْيُؤَدِّهَا إِلَى مَنِ اِئْتَمَنَهُ عَلَيْهَا فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ دَمُ اِمْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وَ لاَ مَالُهُ إِلاَّ بِطِيبَةِ نَفْسِهِ فَلاَ تَظْلِمُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَ لاَ تَرْجِعُوا بَعْدِي كُفَّاراً" ".
Zurah narrated from Samaah from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who said: "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family) stood at Mina after completing his rituals during the Farewell Pilgrimage and said: 'O' people, listen to what I صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم say to you and understand it, for I صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم do not know, perhaps I صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم will not meet you again in this place after this year.' Then Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: 'Which day is the most sacred?' They replied: 'This day.' Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: 'Which month is the most sacred?' They replied: 'This month.' Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: 'Which land is the most sacred?' They replied: 'This land.' Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم then said: 'Indeed, your blood and your wealth are sacred upon you, just as the sanctity of this day of yours in this month of yours in this land of yours, until the day you meet Him سبحانه وتعالى, and He سبحانه وتعالى will question you about your deeds. Behold! Have I صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم conveyed?' They replied: 'Yes.' Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: 'O' Allah سبحانه وتعالى, bear witness. Indeed, whoever has a trust in his possession, let him return it to the one who entrusted him with it, for it is not permissible for anyone to shed the blood of a Muslim or take his wealth except with his willing consent. So, do not wrong yourselves, and do not turn back as disbelievers after Me صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 315
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ بُزُرْجَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ اَلثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ "قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: "لاَ يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ رَحْبُ اَلذِّرَاعَيْنِ بِالدَّمِ فَإِنَّ لَهُ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ قَاتِلاً لاَ يَمُوتُ" قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ وَ مَا قَاتِلٌ لاَ يَمُوتُ قَالَ " اَلنَّارُ " ".
Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Mansur Buzurj from Abu Hamzah Al-Thumali from Imam Ali ibn Al-Hussain عليه السلام, who said: 'The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى said: "Do not be deceived by one who freely sheds blood, for indeed, he has a killer appointed for him by Allah سبحانه وتعالى who does not die." They asked: "O' Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, and what is the killer that does not die?" Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: "The Fire."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى هِشَامُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "لاَ يَزَالُ اَلْمُؤْمِنُ فِي فُسْحَةٍ مِنْ دِينِهِ مَا لَمْ يُصِبْ دَماً حَرَاماً" وَ قَالَ "لاَ يُوَفَّقُ قَاتِلُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ مُتَعَمِّداً لِلتَّوْبَةِ".
Hisham ibn Salim narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who said: "A believer remains within the bounds of his faith as long as he does not commit unlawful killing." Imam عليه السلام also said: "One who intentionally kills a believer is not granted success in repentance."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "يَجِيءُ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَجُلٍ حَتَّى يُلَطِّخَهُ بِالدَّمِ وَ اَلنَّاسُ فِي اَلْحِسَابِ فَيَقُولُ يَا عَبْدَ اَللَّهِ مَا لِي وَ لَكَ فَيَقُولُ أَعَنْتَ عَلَيَّ يَوْمَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا بِكَلِمَةٍ فَقُتِلْتُ".
Hammad ibn Uthman narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who said: "On the Day of Judgment, a man will approach another man and smear him with blood while the people are being held accountable. The (other) man will say, 'O' servant of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, what do I have to do with you?' The man will reply: 'Did you not assist in my killing on such and such a day with a single word, and thus I was killed?'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنِ اَلثُّمَالِيِّ قَالَ: "لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً ضَرَبَ رَجُلاً سَوْطاً لَضَرَبَهُ اَللَّهُ سَوْطاً مِنَ اَلنَّارِ".
In the narration of Al-Alaa from Al-Thumali, that Imam عليه السلام said: "If a man were to strike another man with a whip, Allah سبحانه وتعالى would strike him with a whip of fire."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
رَوَى جَمِيلٌ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ مَنْ أَحْدَثَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ حَدَثاً أَوْ آوَى مُحْدِثاً، " قُلْتُ وَ مَا ذَلِكَ اَلْحَدَثُ قَالَ "اَلْقَتْلُ".
Jamil narrated from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who said: "The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family) cursed the one who commits an offense in Medina or shelters an offender." I asked: "What is this offense?" Imam عليه السلام said: "It is killing."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 315
وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "مَنْ أَعَانَ عَلَى مُؤْمِنٍ بِشَطْرِ كَلِمَةٍ جَاءَ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ وَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ مَكْتُوبٌ آيِسٌ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اَللَّهِ".
Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from more than one person from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who said: "Whoever assists in harming a believer with even half a word will come on the Day of Judgment with the words 'Despairing of the mercy of Allah سبحانه وتعالى' written between his eyes."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
رَوَى أَبَانٌ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ اَلصَّيْقَلِ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: "وُجِدَ فِي ذُؤَابَةِ سَيْفِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ صَحِيفَةٌ فَإِذَا فِيهَا مَكْتُوبٌ " "بِسْمِ اَللّٰهِ اَلرَّحْمٰنِ اَلرَّحِيمِ" إِنَّ أَعْتَى اَلنَّاسِ عَلَى اَللَّهِ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ مَنْ قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ وَ ضَرَبَ غَيْرَ ضَارِبِهِ وَ مَنْ تَوَلَّى غَيْرَ مَوَالِيهِ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اَللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ مَنْ أَحْدَثَ حَدَثاً أَوْ آوَى مُحْدِثاً لَمْ يَقْبَلِ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى مِنْهُ، يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ صَرْفاً وَ لاَ عَدْلاً" " قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ "أَ تَدْرِي مَا يَعْنِي بِقَوْلِهِ مَنْ تَوَلَّى غَيْرَ مَوَالِيهِ" قُلْتُ مَا يَعْنِي بِهِ قَالَ "يَعْنِي أَهْلَ اَلدِّينِ".
Aban narrated from Abu Ishaq Ibrahim Al-Sayqal, who said: Abu Abdullah عليه السلام said to me: "A scroll was found in the hilt of the sword of Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family), and it was written in it: In the Name of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Verily, the most defiant of people against Allah سبحانه وتعالى on the Day of Judgment is the one who kills someone other than his killer, strikes someone other than the one who struck him, and whoever aligns himself with other than his rightful guardians is a disbeliever in what Allah سبحانه وتعالى revealed to Muhammad صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم. And whoever commits an offense or shelters an offender, Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Exalted will not accept from him any repentance or compensation on the Day of Judgment." Imam عليه السلام then said: "Do you know what is meant by the saying 'whoever aligns himself with other than his rightful guardians'?" I asked: "What does it mean?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "It means the people of the religion."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 316
وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّهُ مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْساً بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسٰادٍ فِي اَلْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمٰا قَتَلَ اَلنّٰاسَ جَمِيعاً قَالَ "هُوَ وَادٍ فِي جَهَنَّمَ لَوْ قَتَلَ اَلنَّاسَ جَمِيعاً كَانَ فِيهِ وَ لَوْ قَتَلَ نَفْساً وَاحِدَةً كَانَ فِيهِ".
It is narrated from Hanan ibn Sadir from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام regarding the saying of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty and Majestic: "Whoever kills a soul without [the soul having killed] another soul or [without causing] corruption on the earth, it is as if he had killed all mankind" (Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:32). Imam عليه السلام said: "It is a valley in Hell; if a person were to kill all of mankind, he would be in it, and if he were to kill just one soul, he would still be in it."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رُوِيَ: "أَنَّهُ يُوضَعُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ مِنْ جَهَنَّمَ إِلَيْهِ يَنْتَهِي شِدَّةُ عَذَابِ أَهْلِهَا لَوْ قَتَلَ اَلنَّاسَ جَمِيعاً لَكَانَ إِنَّمَا يَدْخُلُ ذَلِكَ اَلْمَكَانَ" قِيلَ فَإِنَّهُ قَتَلَ آخَرَ قَالَ "يُضَاعَفُ عَلَيْهِ".
It has been narrated: "A person who commits murder will be placed in a specific location in Hell, where the severity of punishment for its inhabitants reaches its peak. If he had killed all the people, he would only enter that same place." It was asked: "And if he killed another?" Imam عليه السلام said: "His punishment would be doubled."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى اَلْعَلاَءُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ "قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: "مَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ مَالِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ" " قَالَ "وَ قَالَ "لَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَا لَتَرَكْتُ اَلْمَالَ وَ لَمْ أُقَاتِلْ " ".
Al-Alaa narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of the two Imams (peace be upon them), who said: "The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Whoever is killed defending his wealth is a martyr.'" Imam عليه السلام also said: "If it were me, I would have abandoned the wealth and not fought."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 316
وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَسِّنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ عِيسَى اَلضَّعِيفِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ رَجُلاً مَا تَوْبَتُهُ فَقَالَ "يُمَكِّنُ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ" قُلْتُ يَخَافُ أَنْ يَقْتُلُوهُ قَالَ "فَلْيُعْطِهِمُ اَلدِّيَةَ" قُلْتُ يَخَافُ أَنْ يَعْلَمُوا بِذَلِكَ قَالَ "فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ إِلَيْهِمُ اِمْرَأَةً" قُلْتُ يَخَافُ أَنْ تُطْلِعَهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ "فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى اَلدِّيَةِ فَيَجْعَلُهَا صُرَراً ثُمَّ لْيَنْظُرْ مَوَاقِيتَ اَلصَّلاَةِ فَلْيُلْقِهَا فِي دَارِهِمْ".
Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Muhassin ibn Ahmad from Isa Al-Dhaif, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah عليه السلام: "A man has killed another man; what is his repentance?" Imam عليه السلام replied: "He should surrender himself." I said: "He fears they will kill him." Imam عليه السلام said: "Then he should give them the blood money (diyyah)." I said: "He fears they will find out." Imam عليه السلام said: "Then he should marry a woman from among them." I said: "He fears she might reveal this to them." Imam عليه السلام said: "Then he should take the blood money, divide it into small bundles, observe the times of prayer, and secretly place it in their home."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ اَلْحَنَّاطِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: "مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسَهُ مُتَعَمِّداً فَهُوَ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِداً فِيهَا".
Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Walad Al-Hannat, who said: "I heard Abu Abdullah عليه السلام say, 'Whoever intentionally kills themselves will be in the Fire of Hell, abiding therein forever.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 316
وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ وَ اِبْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ يَقْتُلُ اَلْمُؤْمِنَ مُتَعَمِّداً لَهُ تَوْبَةٌ فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ قَتَلَهُ لِإِيمَانِهِ فَلاَ تَوْبَةَ لَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ قَتَلَهُ لِغَضَبٍ أَوْ لِسَبَبِ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ اَلدُّنْيَا فَإِنَّ تَوْبَتَهُ أَنْ يُقَادَ مِنْهُ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِمَ بِهِ أَحَدٌ اِنْطَلَقَ إِلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ اَلْمَقْتُولِ فَأَقَرَّ عِنْدَهُمْ بِقَتْلِ صَاحِبِهِمْ فَإِنْ عَفَوْا عَنْهُ فَلَمْ يَقْتُلُوهُ أَعْطَاهُمْ اَلدِّيَةَ وَ أَعْتَقَ نَسَمَةً وَ صَامَ "شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتٰابِعَيْنِ"- وَ أَطْعَمَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً تَوْبَةً إِلَى اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".
Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abdullah ibn Sinan and Ibn Bukayr from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who was asked about a believer who intentionally kills another believer - does he have repentance? Imam عليه السلام said: "If he killed him because of his faith, then there is no repentance for him. But if he killed him out of anger or due to some worldly reason, then his repentance is that retribution be taken from him. If no one knows about it, he should go to the family of the murdered person and confess to them that he killed their relative. If they forgive him and do not kill him, he must give them the blood money (diyyah), free a slave, fast for two consecutive months, and feed sixty needy people as repentance to Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty and Majestic."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 316
وَ رَوَى اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ اَلْأَزْرَقِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي رَجُلٍ يَقْتُلُ رَجُلاً مُؤْمِناً قَالَ "يُقَالُ لَهُ مُتْ أَيَّ مِيتَةٍ شِئْتَ إِنْ شِئْتَ يَهُودِيّاً وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ نَصْرَانِيّاً وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ مَجُوسِيّاً ".
Ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Said Al-Azraq from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام regarding a man who kills a believing man. Imam عليه السلام said: "It will be said to him, 'Die in whichever manner you wish - if you wish, as a Jew; if you wish, as a Christian; and if you wish, as a Magian.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى جَابِرٌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: "أَوَّلُ مَا يَحْكُمُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِ، يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ اَلدِّمَاءُ فَيُوقَفُ اِبْنَا آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَيُفْصَلُ بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ اَلَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمَا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ اَلدِّمَاءِ حَتَّى لاَ يَبْقَى مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ مِنَ اَلنَّاسِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ اَلْمَقْتُولُ بِقَاتِلِهِ فَيَشْخُبَ دَمُهُ فِي وَجْهِهِ فَيَقُولُ أَنْتَ قَتَلْتَهُ فَلاَ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَكْتُمَ اَللَّهَ حَدِيثاً".
Jabir narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir عليه السلام who said: The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family) said: "The first matter that Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty and Majestic, will judge on the Day of Judgment is bloodshed. The sons of Adam عليه السلام will be brought forward, and judgment will be passed between them. Then those who followed them among the people of bloodshed will be judged until none of them remain. After that, the murdered will bring forth his killer, and his blood will gush onto the killer's face. The murdered will say: 'You killed me,' and the killer will not be able to conceal any word from Allah سبحانه وتعالى."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ رَجُلاً مَمْلُوكاً مُتَعَمِّداً قَالَ "يُغَرَّمُ قِيمَتَهُ وَ يُضْرَبُ ضَرْباً شَدِيداً" وَ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ مَمْلُوكَهُ قَالَ "يُعْتِقُ رَقَبَةً وَ يَصُومُ "شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتٰابِعَيْنِ" وَ يُطْعِمُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِيناً ثُمَّ اَلتَّوْبَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ".
Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام regarding a man who intentionally kills another man's slave. Imam عليه السلام said: "He must pay the value of the slave and be severely beaten." And regarding a man who kills his own slave, Imam عليه السلام said: "He must free a slave, fast for two consecutive months, and feed sixty needy people, and then repent after that."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عِيسَى وَ زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَمَّنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِناً مُتَعَمِّداً هَلْ لَهُ تَوْبَةٌ فَقَالَ "لاَ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَ دِيَتَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَ يُعْتِقَ رَقَبَةً وَ يَصُومَ "شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتٰابِعَيْنِ" وَ يَسْتَغْفِرَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَتُوبَ إِلَيْهِ وَ يَتَضَرَّعَ فَإِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ يُتَابَ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا هُوَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ" قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ يُؤَدِّي دِيَتَهُ قَالَ "يَسْأَلُ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَ دِيَتَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ".
Uthman ibn Isa and Zurah narrated from Samaah from Abu Abdullah عليه السلام, who said: I asked Imam عليه السلام about a person who intentionally kills a believer - does he have repentance? Imam عليه السلام said: "No, not until he pays the blood money (diyyah) to the victim's family, frees a slave, fasts for two consecutive months, seeks forgiveness from Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Almighty and Majestic, repents to Him سبحانه وتعالى, and humbly supplicates. I hope that if he does all of this, his repentance will be accepted." I asked: "May I be your ransom, what if he has no wealth to pay the blood money?" Imam عليه السلام said: "Then he should ask the Muslims for help until he is able to pay the blood money to the victim's family."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 317
وَ رَوَى اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْجَوْهَرِيُّ عَنْ كُلَيْبٍ اَلْأَسَدِيِّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُقْتَلُ فِي شَهْرٍ حَرَامٍ مَا دِيَتُهُ فَقَالَ "دِيَةٌ وَ ثُلُثٌ".
Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad Al-Jawhari narrated from Kulayb Al-Asadi, who said: I asked Abu Abdullah عليه السلام about a man who is killed during a sacred month - what is his blood money (diyyah)? Imam عليه السلام said: "It is full blood money plus one-third."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ قَتِيلٌ فِي جُهَيْنَةَ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ حَتَّى اِنْتَهَى إِلَى مَسْجِدِهِمْ وَ تَسَامَعَ بِهِ اَلنَّاسُ فَأَتَوْهُ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "مَنْ قَتَلَ ذَا" قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ مَا نَدْرِي قَالَ "قَتِيلٌ مِنَ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيِ اَلْمُسْلِمِينَ لاَ يُدْرَى مَنْ قَتَلَهُ وَ اَلَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ لَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ اَلسَّمَاءِ وَ أَهْلَ اَلْأَرْضِ اِجْتَمَعُوا فَشَرَكُوا فِي دَمِ اِمْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ وَ رَضُوا بِهِ لَكَبَّهُمُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى مَنَاخِرِهِمْ فِي اَلنَّارِ " أَوْ قَالَ "عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ" ".
Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Mansur ibn Yunus from Abu Hamzah from one of the two Imams عليه السلام, who said: The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى was approached, and it was said to Him صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم: "O' Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, there has been a murder in Juhaynah." The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family) stood up and went to their mosque. The people heard about it and gathered around him. Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "Who killed this man?" They replied: "O' Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, we do not know." Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: "A Muslim has been killed among the Muslims, and no one knows who killed him? By the One سبحانه وتعالى who sent Me صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم with the truth, if the people of the heavens and the people of the earth were to come together and participate in the shedding of a Muslim's blood and were pleased with it, Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty and Majestic, would surely cast them all down on their faces - or He سبحانه وتعالى said, on their noses - into the Fire."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِناً مُتَعَمِّداً فَجَزٰاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ قَالَ "مَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِناً عَلَى دِينِهِ فَذَاكَ اَلْمُتَعَمِّدُ اَلَّذِي، قَالَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَ أَعَدَّ لَهُ عَذَاباً عَظِيماً" قُلْتُ فَالرَّجُلُ يَقَعُ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ اَلرَّجُلِ شَيْءٌ فَيَضْرِبُهُ بِسَيْفِهِ فَيَقْتُلُهُ قَالَ "لَيْسَ ذَاكَ اَلْمُتَعَمِّدَ اَلَّذِي قَالَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ".
Samaah asked Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام about the saying of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty and Majestic: "And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell" (Surah An-Nisa 4:93). Imam عليه السلام said: "Whoever kills a believer because of his faith, that is the intentional killer whom Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty and Majestic, mentioned in His سبحانه وتعالى Book and for whom He سبحانه وتعالى has prepared a great punishment." I asked: "What about a man who has a dispute with another man, and in the heat of the moment strikes him with a sword and kills him?" Imam عليه السلام said: "That is not the intentional killing that Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty and Majestic, referred to."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي اَلسَّفَاتِجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِناً مُتَعَمِّداً فَجَزٰاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ قَالَ "إِنْ جَازَاهُ".
Hammad ibn Isa narrated from Abu Al-Safatij from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام regarding the saying of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty and Majestic: "And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell" (Surah An-Nisa 4:93). Imam عليه السلام said: "If Allah سبحانه وتعالى chooses to punish him."
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh, p. 317
وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي اَلْبِلاَدِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "كَانَتْ فِي زَمَنِ أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اِمْرَأَةٌ صِدْقٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا أُمُّ فَتَّانٍ فَأَتَاهَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهَا فَوَافَقَهَا مُهْتَمَّةً فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا لِي أَرَاكِ مُهْتَمَّةً قَالَتْ مَوْلاَةٌ لِي دَفَنْتُهَا فَنَبَذَتْهَا اَلْأَرْضُ مَرَّتَيْنِ قَالَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ اَلْأَرْضَ لَتَقْبَلُ اَلْيَهُودِيَّ وَ اَلنَّصْرَانِيَّ فَمَا لَهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ تُعَذِّبُ بِعَذَابِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ" ثُمَّ قَالَ "أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَوْ أُخِذَتْ تُرْبَةٌ مِنْ قَبْرِ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ فَأُلْقِيَ عَلَى قَبْرِهَا لَقَرَّتْ" قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُ أُمَّ فَتَّانٍ فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا فَأَخَذَتْ تُرْبَةً مِنْ قَبْرِ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ فَأُلْقِيَ عَلَى قَبْرِهَا فَقَرَّتْ فَسَأَلْتُ عَنْهَا مَا كَانَتْ تَفْعَلُ فَقَالُوا كَانَتْ شَدِيدَةَ اَلْحُبِّ لِلرِّجَالِ لاَ تَزَالُ قَدْ وَلَدَتْ وَ أَلْقَتْ وَلَدَهَا فِي اَلتَّنُّورِ".
In the narration of Ibrahim ibn Abi Al-Bilad from someone who mentioned it from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام, that he said: "During the time of the Commander of the Faithful عليه السلام, there was a truthful woman known as Umm Fattan. A man from the companions of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib عليه السلام came to her and greeted her, finding her distressed. He asked her: 'Why do I see you worried?' She replied: 'A female servant of mine passed away, and I buried her, but the earth rejected her twice.' The man went to the Commander of the Faithful عليه السلام and informed him of this. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib عليه السلام said: 'Indeed, the earth accepts the Jew and the Christian, so why would it reject her unless she was being punished by Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty and Majestic?' Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib عليه السلام then said: 'If soil from the grave of a Muslim man were taken and scattered over her grave, the earth would settle.'" The man returned to Umm Fattan and informed her of this. She took soil from the grave of a Muslim man and scattered it over her servant's grave, and the earth accepted her. When he inquired about the servant's deeds, it was said: 'She had an intense love for men, and whenever she gave birth, she would throw her child into the oven.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَكَمِ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ سَعْدَانَ [سَعْدَانَ خ ل] عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "كَانَتْ فِي ذُؤَابَةِ سَيْفِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ صَحِيفَةٌ مَكْتُوبٌ فِيهَا " "لَعْنَةُ اَللّٰهِ وَ اَلْمَلاٰئِكَةِ وَ اَلنّٰاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ" عَلَى مَنْ قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ أَوْ ضَرَبَ غَيْرَ ضَارِبِهِ أَوْ أَحْدَثَ حَدَثاً أَوْ آوَى مُحْدِثاً وَ كُفْرٌ بِاللَّهِ اَلْعَظِيمِ اَلاِنْتِفَاءُ مِنْ حَسَبٍ وَ إِنْ دَقَّ " ".
Ali ibn Al-Hakam narrated from Al-Fudayl ibn Sadan from Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq عليه السلام, who said: "There was a scroll in the hilt of the sword of the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (peace be upon him and his family), and it was written in it: 'The curse of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the angels, and all people be upon the one who kills someone other than his killer, strikes someone other than the one who struck him, commits an offense, or shelters an offender. And to disassociate from one's lineage, no matter how small, is an act of disbelief in Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Almighty.'"
- Ṣaḥīḥ al-Faqīh
Commentary #1