Chapter on Additions

Muhammad ibn Yaqub, from Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad, from Hariz, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, about ‘the alms of the people of dhimma (protected non-Muslim resident). And what is taken from their jizyah from the price of their wines, the meat of their swine, and their carrion.’ Imam عليه السلام said: “Upon them (dhimmi) is the jizyah (per-capita poll tax) in their wealth, taken from them from the price of the meat of swine or wine. So whatever is taken from them of that, the burden of that is upon them, and its price is lawful for the Muslims; they take it as their jizya.”

And from him, from a number of our companions, from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, from Ibn Abi Ya'fur, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him: Imam عليه السلام said: "That the land of jizyah (per-capita poll tax) is not to have the jizyah lifted from them, and the jizyah is only the grant of the emigrants, and charity is for its people whom Allah سبحانه وتعالى named in His سبحانه وتعالى Book, and they have nothing from the jizyah." Then Imam عليه السلام said: "How vast justice is." Then Imam عليه السلام said: "Indeed, the people become independent when justice is done among them, and the sky sends down its provision, and the earth brings forth its blessing by the permission of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Mighty and Majestic."

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Husayn, from al-Qasim, from Aban, from Abu Basir, from Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I (narrator) heard Imam عليه السلام saying: "Whoever buys anything from the khums, Allah سبحانه وتعالى will not excuse him; he has bought what is not lawful for him."

Sa'd ibn Abdullah, from Abu Ja'far, from Muhammad ibn Sinan, from Sabbah al-Azraq, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the two Imams عليه السلام, peace be upon them, who said: The Imams عليه السلام said: "Indeed, the most severe thing in which the people will be on the Day of Resurrection is that the owner of the khums will stand and say, ‘O Lord عز وجل, my khums.’ And we (the Imams عليه السلام) have made that lawful for our Shia so that their birth may be pure and so that their children may be purified."

And from him, from Abu Jafar, from al-Husayn ibn Sa'id, from Fadalah ibn Ayyub, from Umar ibn Aban al-Kalbi, from Durays al-Kunasi, who said: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام said: "Do you know from where fornication entered upon the people?" So I (narrator) said: “I do not know.” Imam عليه السلام said: "From the direction of our khums, we (the Imams عليه السلام) are the People of the House (Ahlul Bayt عليه السلام), except for our most pure Shia, for it is made lawful for them (khums) and for their birth."

And from him, from Abu Jafar, from al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Washsha, from Ahmad ibn A'idh, from Abu Salamah Salim ibn Mukram, and he is Abu Khadijah, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: A man said to Imam عليه السلام while I was present: “Make the private parts lawful for me.” So Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, became alarmed. Then a man said to Imam عليه السلام: “He is not asking you to ambush the road; he is only asking you about a servant woman whom he buys, or a woman whom he marries, or an inheritance that comes to him, or trade, or something that was given to him.” So Imam عليه السلام said: "This is lawful for our Shia, those present among them and those absent, the dead among them and the living, and those who will be born from them until the Day of Resurrection, so it is lawful for them. Indeed, by Allah سبحانه وتعالى, it is not lawful except for one for whom we have made it lawful. No, by Allah سبحانه وتعالى, we have not given anyone a covenant of protection, and with us there is no pledge for anyone, nor does anyone have with us any covenant."

Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id, from Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr, from al-Hakam ibn Ilba al-Asadi, who said: I was appointed over Bahrain, and I acquired much wealth there. So I spent, bought many estates, bought slaves and mothers of children, and children were born to me. Then I went out to Makkah, carrying my dependents, my mothers of children, and my women, and I carried the khums of that wealth. Then I entered upon Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, and said to him: ‘I was appointed over Bahrain, and I acquired much wealth there, and I bought goods, bought slaves, bought mothers of children, and children were born to me, and I spent. And this is the khums of that wealth, and these are my mothers of children and my women; I have brought it to you.’ So Imam عليه السلام said: "Indeed, all of it belongs to us, and I accept what you have brought, and I have made you lawful regarding your mothers of children, your women, and what you spent, and I have guaranteed Paradise for you upon myself and upon my father."

Sa'd ibn Abdullah, from Abu Jafar, from al-Abbas ibn Ma'ruf, from Hammad ibn Isa, from Hariz ibn Abdullah, from Abu Basir, Zurarah, and Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: Imam عليه السلام said: "The Commander of the Believers, Ali ibn Abi Talib عليه السلام, said, ‘The people perished in their bellies and their private parts because they did not deliver to us our right. Indeed, our Shia are in release from that, and their fathers.’"

Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id, from some of our companions, from Sayf ibn Umayrah, from Abu Hamzah al-Thumali, from Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I heard Imam عليه السلام saying: "Whoever we make lawful for him anything that he obtained from the works of the unjust ones, then it is lawful for him, And whatever we forbid from that, then it is forbidden."

Sa'd, from al-Haytham ibn Abi Masruq, from al-Sindi ibn Muhammad, from Yahya ibn Amr al-Zayyat, from Dawud ibn Kathir al-Raqqi, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I (narrator) heard Imam عليه السلام saying: "All people live from the excess of what was wrongfully taken from us (mazlimatina), except that we (the Imams عليه السلام) have made our Shia released from that."

Sa'd, from Abu Jafar, from Muhammad ibn Sinan, from Yunus ibn Ya'qub, who said: I (narrator) was with Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, when a man from the cloth-merchants (qammatin) entered upon Imam عليه السلام and said, “May I be made your ransom, profits, wealth, and trades fall into our hands, and we know that your right is established in them, while we are falling short regarding that.” So Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "We would not be treating you fairly if we (the Imams عليه السلام) were to impose that upon you today."

Sa’ad, from Yaqub ibn Yazid, from Ali ibn Jafar, from al-Hakam ibn Bahlul, from Abu Hammam, from al-Hasan ibn Ziyad, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: Imam al-Sadiq عليه السلام said: “A man came to the Commander of the Faithful عليه السلام, peace be upon him, and said: ‘O Commander of the Faithful, I have acquired wealth, and I do not know its lawful from its unlawful.’” Imam Ali عليه السلام said to him: “Take out the fifth (al-khums) from that wealth, for Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Mighty and Majestic, has been pleased with the fifth from the wealth, and avoid what its owner used to know.” – meaning wealth whose rightful owner is known, that should not simply be purified by paying khums; it should be avoided/returned/dealt with separately.

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, from Ya'qub ibn Yazid, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, who said: I (narrator) asked Abu al-Hasan عليه السلام, peace be upon him, about ‘what the mine brings out, whether little or much. Is there anything due in it?’ Imam عليه السلام said: "There is nothing due in it until it reaches the amount in which zakat would be due in its like: (which is) twenty dinars."

And from him, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn ibn Abi al-Khattab, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, from Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abi Abdullah, from Abu al-Hasan عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I (narrator) asked Imam عليه السلام about ‘what comes out of the sea, of pearls, rubies, and emeralds (al-zabarjad), and about the mines of gold and silver. Is there zakat in it?’ Imam عليه السلام said: “If its value reaches a dinar, then in it is the fifth (al-khums).”

Sa’ad ibn Abdullah, from Abu Jafar, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Abu Ayyub Ibrahim ibn Uthman, from Abu Ubayda al-Hadhdha, who said: I (narrator) heard Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, saying: “Any dhimmi (protected non-Muslim resident) who buys land from a Muslim, then upon him is the fifth (al-khums).”

And al-Rayyan ibn al-Salt narrated, saying: I (narrator) wrote to Abu Muhammad عليه السلام, peace be upon him: “What is obligatory upon me, my master, regarding the yield of a mill on land granted to me, and regarding the price of fish, papyrus (bardi), and reeds that I sell from the thicket of this granted land?” Imam عليه السلام wrote: "Khums is obligatory upon you in it, if Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Exalted wills."

Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Tabari said: “A man from the merchants of Fars wrote to one of the clients of Abu al-Hasan al-Ridha عليه السلام, peace be upon him, asking him for permission regarding the khums.” Imam عليه السلام wrote to him: "'In the name of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate.' Indeed, Allah سبحانه وتعالى is vast, generous. Allah سبحانه وتعالى has guaranteed reward for action, and punishment for opposition. No wealth is lawful except from an aspect that Allah سبحانه وتعالى has made lawful. Indeed, the khums is our support for our religion, for our dependents, for our clients, and for what we (Ahlul Bayt عليه السلام) spend and purchase of our honor from those whose force is feared. So do not withhold it from us, and do not deprive yourselves of our supplication as much as you are able regarding it. For indeed, bringing it out is the key to your provision, the purification of your sins, and what you prepare for yourselves for the day of your need. And the Muslim is the one who fulfills for Allah سبحانه وتعالى what he has covenanted upon himself, and the Muslim is not the one who responds with the tongue and opposes with the heart. And peace."

And from him, he (narrator) said: “A group from Khurasan came to Abu al-Hasan al-Ridha عليه السلام, peace be upon him, and asked him to place them in release from the khums.” Imam عليه السلام said: "How impossible this is. You show us sincere affection with your tongues, while you withhold from us a right that Allah سبحانه وتعالى has appointed for us and appointed us for it, and it is the khums. We (the Imams عليه السلام) do not place any one of you in release."

And Ibrahim ibn Hashim narrated, saying: I (narrator) was with Abu Ja’far عليه السلام the Second عليه السلام, peace be upon him, when Salih ibn Muhammad ibn Sahl entered upon Imam عليه السلام, and he had charge over the waqf for him in Qum. So he (Salih) said: “O my master, place me in release from ten thousand dirhams, for I have spent them.” Imam عليه السلام said to him: "You are in release." Then when Salih went out, Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "One of them leaps upon the wealth of the family of Muhammad صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, their orphans, their needy, their poor, and their sons of the road (wayfarers), so he takes it. Then he comes and says, ‘Place me in release.’ Do you think he (Salih) thought that I would say, ‘I will not do it?’ By Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Exalted will surely question them about that on the Day of Resurrection with an intense questioning."

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Abdullah ibn Muhammad, from Ali ibn Mahziyar, who said: Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, wrote to him (Ibn Muhammad), and I (Ali ibn Mahziyar) myself read his letter to him (Ibn Muhammad) on the road to Makkah. Imam al-Jawad عليه السلام said: "What I have made obligatory in this year of mine, and this is only the year 220, is due to a particular reason. I dislike explaining the whole reason, out of fear that it may become widely spread, but I shall explain some of it to you, if Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Exalted wills. Indeed, my followers, I ask Allah سبحانه وتعالى for their rectification or some of them, fell short regarding what was obligatory upon them, and that became known to me. So I wished to purify and cleanse them through what I did in this year of mine concerning the matter of khums. Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Exalted said, ‘Take from their wealth (O Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم) charity to purify and bless them, and pray for them, surely your prayer is a source of comfort for them. And Allah سبحانه وتعالى is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. Do they not know that Allah سبحانه وتعالى alone accepts the repentance of His سبحانه وتعالى servants and receives (their) charity, and that Allah سبحانه وتعالى alone is the Accepter of Repentance, Most Merciful? Tell (them, O Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم), “Do as you will. Your deeds will be observed by Allah سبحانه وتعالى, His Messenger صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, and the believers. And you will be returned to the Knower سبحانه وتعالى of the seen and unseen, then He سبحانه وتعالى will inform you of what you used to do.'” (Surah At-Tawbah 9:103-105) I did not make that obligatory upon them every year, nor do I make obligatory upon them anything except the zakat which Allah سبحانه وتعالى has made obligatory upon them. Rather, I only made khums obligatory upon them in this year of mine on gold and silver after a full year had passed over them. I did not make it obligatory upon them on goods, vessels, riding animals, servants, profit earned through trade, or landed estates, except for the estate whose matter I shall explain to you. This is as a relief from me for my followers, and as a favor from me upon them, because of what the ruler seizes from their wealth and because of what befalls them personally. As for spoils and gains, they are obligatory upon them every year. Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Exalted said, ‘Know that whatever spoils you take, one-fifth is for almighty Allah سبحانه وتعالى and the Messenger صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, his close relatives, orphans, the poor, and (needy) travellers, if you (truly) believe in Allah سبحانه وتعالى and what We سبحانه وتعالى revealed to Our servant on that decisive day when the two armies met (at Badr). And Allah سبحانه وتعالى is Most Capable of everything.’ (Surah Al-Anfal 8:41) And the gains and the benefits, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى have mercy on you, include the profit a person earns, the benefit he obtains, a valuable gift given from one person to another, an unexpected inheritance from someone other than a father or a son, wealth taken from an enemy who is destroyed, wealth whose owner is unknown, and things of the kind that reached some of my followers from the wealth of the wicked Khurramites (Khurramiyyah). It has reached me that great wealth has come to some of my followers. So whoever has any of that with him should deliver it to my agent. And whoever is far away should intend to deliver it, even after some time, for the intention of the believer is better than his action. As for what I make obligatory every year from yields and landed estates, it is half of one-sixth, meaning one-twelfth, from the one whose estate covers his expenses. But whoever’s estate does not cover his expenses, then there is no half of one-sixth upon him, nor anything else."

Sa'd ibn Abdullah, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, from Abu Umarah, from al-Harith ibn al-Mughirah al-Nasri, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I (narrator) said to Imam عليه السلام: “We have wealth from yields, trades, and the like of that, and I have known that you have a right in them.” Imam عليه السلام said: "Then why did we make it lawful for our Shia, except so that their birth may be pure? And everyone who has shown loyalty to my fathers (the Imams عليه السلام), they are in release from what is in their hands of our right. So let the present convey (this command) it to the absent."

And from him, from Abu Jafar Ali ibn Mahziyar, who said: I (Ali ibn Mahziyar) read in a letter to Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, from a man asking Imam عليه السلام to ‘place him in release regarding his food and his drink from the khums.’ Imam عليه السلام wrote in his own handwriting: "Whoever is in need of anything from my (the Imams عليه السلام) right, then he is in release."

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, from Ya'qub ibn Yazid, from al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Washsha, from al-Qasim ibn Burayd, from al-Fudayl, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: Imam عليه السلام said: "Whoever finds the coolness of our love in his liver, let him praise almighty Allah سبحانه وتعالى for the first of blessings." He said: “I asked, ‘May I be made your ransom, what is the first of blessings?’” Imam عليه السلام said: "Purity of birth." Then Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "The Commander of the Believers عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said to Sayyidah Fatimah صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, peace be upon her: 'Make your share of the fay' lawful for the fathers of our Shia, so that they may become pure.'" Then Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "Indeed, we (Ahlul Bayt عليه السلام) have made lawful for the fathers of our Shia that by which their mothers became lawful to them, so that their birth may be pure." – meaning made lawful their right/share in wealth connected to marriage, dowries, livelihood, or intimacy, so that the Shia’s births are pure and legitimate, unlike others.

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, from al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan, Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub, Hasan ibn Ali, and Muhassin ibn Ali ibn Yusuf, all from Muhammad ibn Sinan, from Hammad ibn Talhah, the companion of al-Sabiri, from Mu'adh ibn Kathir, the seller of cloaks, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: Imam عليه السلام said: "It has been made expansive for our Shia to spend from what is in their hands in a proper manner. Then when our Qa'im (ajf), peace be upon him, rises, every possessor of treasure will have his treasure forbidden to him until they bring it to the Qa'im (ajf), so that the Qa'im (ajf) may seek assistance through it."

Sa'd ibn Abdullah, from Abu Jafar, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Umar ibn Yazid, who said: I saw Abu Sayyar, Misma ibn Abd al-Malik, in Madinah, and he had carried wealth to Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, in that year, but Imam عليه السلام returned it to him. So I (narrator) said to him (Abu Sayyar): “Why did Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, return to you the wealth that you had carried to him?” He (Abu Sayyar) said: “I said to Imam عليه السلام when I carried the wealth to him, ‘I had been appointed over diving (ghaws), and I obtained four hundred thousand dirhams, and I have brought its khums, eighty thousand dirhams, and I disliked withholding it from you or exposing it to anything, while it is your right which Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Exalted has appointed for you in our wealth.’” Imam عليه السلام said: "And what do we have from the earth and from what Allah سبحانه وتعالى brings out from it except the khums? O Abu Sayyar, the whole earth belongs to us, so whatever Allah سبحانه وتعالى brings out from it of anything, it belongs to us." He (Abu Sayyar) said: “I said to Imam عليه السلام, ‘I will carry all the wealth to you.’” Imam عليه السلام said to me: "O Abu Sayyar, we have made it pure for you and made you released from it, so attach your wealth to yourself. And everything that is in the hands of our Shia from the earth, they are released, and that is lawful for them until our Qa'im (ajf) rises. Then the Qa’im (ajf) will collect from them the land tax (tasq) of what was in their hands. As for what is in the hands of others besides them (the Shia), their earning from the earth is forbidden for them until our Qa'im (ajf) rises, then the Qa’im (ajf) will take the earth from their hands and expel them from it in humiliation."

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Umar ibn Yazid, who said: I (narrator) heard a man from the people of the mountain asking Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, about ‘a man who took dead land (mawat) which its people had abandoned, then he cultivated it, dug its rivers, built houses in it, and planted palms and trees in it.’ So Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: “The Commander of the Believers عليه السلام, peace be upon him, used to say: 'Whoever from the believers revives land, then it belongs to him, and upon him is its land tax (tasq), which he pays to the Imam (of the time) in the state of truce. Then when the Qa'im (ajf), peace be upon him, appears, let him prepare himself for it (dead land) to be taken from him.'"

Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal, from Jafar ibn Muhammad ibn Hakim, from Abd al-Karim ibn Amr al-Khathami, from al-Harith ibn al-Mughirah al-Nasri, who said: I (narrator) entered upon Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, and sat with him. Then suddenly Najiyyah had sought permission to enter upon Imam عليه السلام, so the Imam عليه السلام gave him permission. He (Najiyyah) entered and knelt upon his knees, then said: “May I be made your ransom, I want to ask you about a matter, and by Allah سبحانه وتعالى, I do not intend by it except the freeing of my neck from the Fire.” It was as though the Imam عليه السلام felt compassion for him (Najiyyah), so the Imam عليه السلام sat upright and said to him: "O Najiyyah, ask me, for you will not ask me today about anything except that I will inform you of it." He (Najiyyah) said: “May I be made your ransom, what do you say about ‘so-and-so’ and ‘so-and-so’? Imam عليه السلام said: "O Najiyyah, indeed we (Ahlul Bayt عليه السلام) have the khums in the Book of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, and we have the spoils (anfal), and we have the chosen portion of the wealth. And they two (the first two caliphs), by Allah سبحانه وتعالى, were the first to wrong us of our right in the Book of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, and the first to carry the people upon our necks. And our blood is upon their necks until the Day of Resurrection because of their wronging us, the People of the House (Ahlul Bayt عليه السلام). And indeed the people will continue turning about in the unlawful until the Day of Resurrection because of their wronging us, the People of the House (Ahlul Bayt عليه السلام)." So Najiyyah said: "‘Indeed we belong to Allah سبحانه وتعالى, and indeed to Him سبحانه وتعالى we return,’ (three times). We have perished, by the Lord عز وجل of the Ka'bah.” He (narrator) said: “Then Imam عليه السلام raised his thigh from the cushion, faced the qiblah, and supplicated with a supplication from which I did not understand anything, except that we heard Imam عليه السلام at the end of his supplication while he was saying, ‘O Allah سبحانه وتعالى, indeed we have made that lawful for our Shia.’" He (narrator) said: “Then Imam عليه السلام turned his face toward us and said, ‘O Najiyyah, no one is upon the natural disposition of Ibrahim عليه السلام, peace be upon him, other than us and our Shia.’"

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, from Ayyub ibn Nuh, from Safwan ibn Yahya, who said: Abu Burdah ibn Raja’ narrated to me, saying: I (narrator) said to Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him: “What do you think regarding the purchase of land subject to land tax (kharaj)?” Imam عليه السلام said: "And who sells that? It is the land of the Muslims." He (narrator) said: “I said: ‘The one in whose hand it is sells it.’” Imam عليه السلام said: "And what will he do with the land tax (kharaj) of the Muslims?" Then Imam عليه السلام said: "There is no harm. He has bought his right from it, and the right of the Muslims is transferred upon him. Perhaps he will be stronger over it and more capable of fulfilling their land tax than him."

And Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal narrated, from Ibrahim ibn Hashim, from Hammad ibn Isa, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I (narrator) asked Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, about ‘purchasing from the land of the Jews and the Christians.’ Imam عليه السلام said: "There is no harm in it. The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, prevailed over the people of Khaybar, so He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم made an agreement with them that He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم would leave the land in their hands, and they would work it and cultivate it. So I see no harm in it if you were to buy something from it. And whichever people revive anything from the land and work it, then they have the greater right to it, and it belongs to them."

And from him, from Ali, from Hammad, from Hariz, from Muhammad ibn Muslim and Umar ibn Hanzalah, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I (narrator) asked Imam عليه السلام about that, Imam عليه السلام said: "There is no harm in purchasing it, for when it remains in their hands in its position, it is paid on its behalf just as it is paid on its behalf."

And from him, from Ali, from Hammad ibn Isa, from Ibrahim ibn Abi Ziyad, who said: I (narrator) asked Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, about ‘purchasing from the land of jizyah (per-capita poll tax).’ He (narrator) said: “Imam عليه السلام said, ‘Purchase it, for you have from the right that which is more than that.’"

And with this chain of transmission, from Hammad, from Hariz, from Zurarah, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, that he said: Imam عليه السلام said: "When that is the case, you are closer to being increased than you are to being decreased."

And with this chain of transmission, from Hariz, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I (narrator) heard Imam عليه السلام saying: "A believing man who had purchased land from the lands subject to land tax (kharaj) was brought before Commander of the Believers عليه السلام, peace be upon him. So the Commander of the Believers عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: 'He has what we have, and upon him is what is upon us, whether he is a Muslim or an unbeliever. He has what belongs to the people of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, and upon him is what is upon them.'"

Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal, from Ya'qub ibn Yazid, from Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr, from al-Hakam ibn Ayman, from Abu Khalid al-Kabuli, who said: He said: "If you see the Master of the Command عليه السلام (Sahib al-Amr) giving everything that is in the public treasury to one man, then let nothing enter your heart (doubt), for he (the Imam عليه السلام) only acts by the command of Allah سبحانه وتعالى."

And from him, from Jafar ibn Muhammad ibn Hakim, from Jamil ibn Darraj, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: Imam عليه السلام said: "The shares are only distributed over what the army has contained."

Al-Sayyari, from Ali ibn Asbat, who said: When Abu al-Hasan Musa عليه السلام, peace be upon him, came to al-Mahdi, he found him returning wrongfully taken properties to their owners. So the Imam عليه السلام said to him: “Why is our wrongfully taken right not being returned, O Commander of the Believers?" al-Mahdi said to Imam عليه السلام: “And what is it, O Abu al-Hasan?” Imam عليه السلام said: " Indeed, when Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Mighty and Majestic, granted His Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, victory over Fadak and the lands surrounding it, and ‘neither horses nor riding camels had been driven against it’, Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Exalted, revealed to His Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم: ‘And give the near relative his right.' The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, did not know who was meant by ‘the near relative’, so He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم referred the matter to Jibra’il عليه السلام, peace be upon him, and asked Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Mighty and Majestic, about it. So Allah سبحانه وتعالى revealed to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم: ‘Hand over Fadak to Fatimah صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, peace be upon her.’ The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, then called Fatimah صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم and said to her: ‘O Fatimah, indeed Allah سبحانه وتعالى, the Exalted, has commanded me to hand over Fadak to you.’ Fatima صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: 'I have accepted, O Prophet of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, from Allah سبحانه وتعالى and from you.' The agents of Fatimah صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم remained in Fadak during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family. Then, when Abu Bakr came to authority, he expelled her agents from it. So Fatimah صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم came to Abu Bakr and asked him to return Fadak to her. Abu Bakr replied: “Bring me a black or red person to testify for you regarding that.” So Fatima صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم brought the Commander of the Believers عليه السلام, al-Hasan عليه السلام, al-Husayn عليه السلام, peace be upon them, and Umm Ayman, and they testified for her regarding that (the land of Fadak). So Abu Bakr wrote a document for her, stating that Fadak should not be interfered with. Fatimah صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم then left with the written document in her possession. Then Umar ibn al-Khattab met Fatima صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم and said to her: “What is this with you, O daughter of Muhammad صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم?” Fatima صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: “A document which the son of Abu Quhafah (Abu Bakr) wrote for me (about handing over Fadak).” He (Umar ibn al-Khattab) said to Fatima صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم: “Show it to me.” But Fatima صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم refused, so he (Umar ibn al-Khattab) snatched it from her (Fatima صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم) hand, looked at it, spat in it, erased it, and tore it. And he (Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: “This is because your father (the Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم) did not drive horses nor riding camels against it.” Then he (Umar ibn al-Khattab) left her (Fatima صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم) and went away." So al-Mahdi said to Imam عليه السلام: “Define its boundaries for me.” Imam عليه السلام defined its boundaries. He (al-Mahdi) said: “This is much. I will look into it.”

Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal, from Sindi ibn Muhammad, from Ala, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: Imam عليه السلام said: "The spoils (anfal) are from the extra grant (nafl), and in Surat al-Anfal there is the cutting off of the nose."

And from him, from Ibrahim ibn Hashim, from Hammad ibn Isa, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, that he heard him saying: Imam عليه السلام said: “Al-Anfal are every land in which no blood was shed, or a people with whom peace was made and who surrendered it willingly. So whatever is from ruined lands, or from the inner parts of valleys, all of this is from the fay’. And the anfal (spoils) are for Allah سبحانه وتعالى and for the Messenger صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family. So whatever belongs to Allah سبحانه وتعالى belongs to the Messenger صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, and He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم places it wherever He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم prefers.

Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa'id ibn Uqdah, the memorizer (al-Hafiz), al-Hamdani, from Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn al-Mufaddal ibn Ibrahim al-Ash'ari, who said: Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Ziyad narrated to us, and he is al-Washsha al-Khazzaz, and he is the son of the daughter of Ilyas, and he had become Waqifi, then returned and became firm (qata'a), from Abd al-Karim ibn Umar al-Khath'ami, from Abd Allah ibn Abi Ya'fur and Mu'alla ibn Khunays, from Abu al-Samit, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: Imam عليه السلام said: "The greatest of the major sins are seven: Associating partners with Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Great; Killing the soul 'which Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Mighty and Majestic, has forbidden except by right,'; Consuming the wealth of orphans; Disobedience to parents; Accusing chaste women; Fleeing from the advancing army; And denying what Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Mighty and Majestic, has sent down. As for associating partners with Allah سبحانه وتعالى the Great, what Allah سبحانه وتعالى sent down concerning us and what the Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, said has reached you, but they rejected it against Allah سبحانه وتعالى and against His Messenger صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم. As for killing the forbidden soul, it is the killing of al-Husayn عليه السلام, peace be upon him, and his companions. As for consuming the wealth of orphans, our fay’ was wrongfully taken from us, and they went away with it. As for disobedience to parents, Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Mighty and Majestic, said in His سبحانه وتعالى Book: 'The Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم has a greater right over the believers than they have over themselves, and his wives are their mothers.' And the Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم is a father to them, yet they disobeyed Him صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم regarding his progeny (Ahlul Bayt عليه السلام) and regarding his relatives. As for accusing chaste women, they accused (Sayyidah) Fatimah صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, peace be upon her, upon their pulpits. As for fleeing from the advancing army, they gave the pledge of allegiance to the Commander of the Believers عليه السلام, peace be upon him, willingly, without being compelled, then they fled from him عليه السلام and abandoned him عليه السلام. As for denying what Allah سبحانه وتعالى, Mighty and Majestic, sent down, they denied our right and rejected it. And this is something in which no one feigns incomprehension. And Allah سبحانه وتعالى says: 'If you avoid the major sins which you are forbidden, We سبحانه وتعالى shall expiate from you your evil deeds and admit you into a noble entrance.'" (Surah An-Nisa 4:31)