Chapter on the Adhan and the Iqamah

Ali from his father, from Khalid ibn Sa'id, from Yunus, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Basir, who said: I asked Imam عليه السلام about a man who reaches the imam (of prayer) while he is giving the salutation (at the end of prayer). Imam عليه السلام said: "It is not upon him to repeat the Adhan; rather, he should enter with them with their Adhan. But if he finds that they have dispersed, he must repeat Adhan."

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Al-Hasan ibn Ali from Amr ibn Sa'id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from Ammar Al-Sabati from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: Imam عليه السلام was asked about the Adhan, whether it is permissible for it to be performed by someone who is not knowledgeable. Imam عليه السلام said: "The Adhan is not correct, and it is not permissible for anyone to perform it except a Muslim man who is knowledgeable. So if he knows the Adhan and performs it but is not knowledgeable, his Adhan and Iqamah are not sufficient, and he is not to be followed." And Imam عليه السلام was asked about a man who gives the Adhan and the Iqamah to pray alone, then another man comes and says to him, 'Will you pray in congregation?' Is it permissible for them to pray with that Adhan and Iqamah? Imam عليه السلام said: "No, but he must give a new Adhan and Iqamah."

Muhammad ibn Ismail from Al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan from Al-Ala' ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said regarding a man who forgets the Adhan and the Iqamah until he enters into the prayer. Imam عليه السلام said: "If he remembers before he recites (the Qur'an), then he should send blessings upon the Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, and give the Iqamah. But if he has already recited, then he should complete his prayer."

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Al-Nu'man from Sa'id Al-A'raj and Ibn Abi Umayr from Hammad from Al-Halabi: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "If you begin the prayer and forget to give the Adhan and the Iqamah, then remember before you bow (for Ruku'), then break off, give the Adhan and the Iqamah, and begin the prayer anew. But if you have already bowed, then complete your prayer."

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Ishaq ibn Adam from Abu Al-Abbas Al-Mufaddal ibn Hassan Al-Dallani from Zakariya ibn Adam who said: I said to Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ridha عليه السلام, peace be upon him: “May I be your ransom, I was in my prayer and during the second rak'ah while I was reciting, I remembered that I had not given the Iqamah. What should I do?” Imam عليه السلام said: "Fall silent in the place of your recitation and say, 'Qad qamati al-salah, qad qamati al-salah' (The prayer has been established, the prayer has been established), then continue in your recitation and your prayer, and your prayer will be complete."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Safwan, from Husayn ibn Abi Al-A'la, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I asked Him عليه السلام about a man who begins the obligatory prayer and then remembers that he did not give the Iqamah. Imam عليه السلام said: "If he remembers that he did not give the Iqamah before he recites, then he should send blessings upon the Prophet (may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family), then give the Iqamah and pray. But if he remembers after he has recited part of the Surah, then he should complete his prayer."

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Salamah ibn Al-Khattab from Ibn Jabalah from Ibn Bukayr from Zurarah from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I said to Him عليه السلام: “A man forgets the Adhan and the Iqamah until he has said the Takbir.” Imam عليه السلام said: "He should proceed with his prayer and not repeat it."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Ja'far ibn Bashir, from Nu'man Al-Razi who said: I heard Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, and Abu Ubaydah Al-Hadhdha’ asked him about the narration of a man who forgot to give the Adhan and the Iqamah until he said the Takbir and entered into the prayer. Imam عليه السلام said: "If he entered the mosque with the intention to give the Adhan and the Iqamah, then he should proceed with his prayer and not break it off."

Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id from Muhammad ibn Al-Fudayl from Abu Al-Sabbah from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I asked Him عليه السلام about a man who forgot the Adhan until he completed the prayer. Imam عليه السلام said: "He does not repeat (the prayer)."

From him, from Ali ibn Al-Sindi, from Hammad ibn Isa, from Shu'ayb ibn Ya'qub, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I asked Him عليه السلام about a man who forgot to give the Iqamah for the prayer until he finished it. Should he repeat his prayer? Imam عليه السلام said: "He does not repeat it, and he should not return to do the like of it again."

As for what was narrated by Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Yaqtin from his brother Al-Husayn from Ali ibn Yaqtin, who said: I asked Abu Al-Hasan عليه السلام, peace be upon him, about a man who forgets to give the Iqamah and has already begun the prayer. Imam عليه السلام said: "If he has completed his prayer, then his prayer is complete; but if he has not completed his prayer, then he must repeat it."

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Ya'qub from Abu Hammam: Abu Al-Hasan عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "The Adhan and the Iqamah are to be said twice, twice." And Imam عليه السلام said: "If he gives the Iqamah twice, twice, and does not give the Adhan, it suffices for him in the obligatory prayer. But whoever gives the Iqamah once, once, and does not give the Adhan, it does not suffice for him except with an Adhan."

From him, from Al-Abbas ibn Ma'ruf, from Abdullah ibn Al-Mughira, from Ibn Sinan: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "If a Mu'adhdhin gives the Adhan and he leaves something out of the Adhan, and you wish to pray with his Adhan, then complete what he left out from his Adhan, and there is no problem if a boy who has not yet reached puberty gives the Adhan."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Muhammad ibn Isma'il, from Salih ibn Uqbah, from Abu Maryam Al-Ansari who said: Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, led us in prayer wearing only a shirt, without an izar (lower garment) and without a Ridha' (upper garment), and without Adhan and without Iqamah. When Imam عليه السلام finished, I said to Him عليه السلام: “May Allah سبحانه وتعالى grant you wellbeing, you prayed with us in a shirt without an izar and without a Ridha', and without Adhan and without Iqamah”. Imam عليه السلام said: "My shirt is thick, so it suffices that I do not have an izar or a Ridha', and I passed by Ja'far while he was giving the Adhan and the Iqamah, and I did not speak, so that sufficed for me."

From him, from Ahmad ibn Al-Hasan, from Amr ibn Sa'id, from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah, from Ammar Al-Sabati who said: I asked Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, or I heard Him عليه السلام say: "If a man forgets a word from the Adhan until he begins the Iqamah, then he should continue with the Iqamah and there is nothing upon him. But if he forgets a word from the Iqamah, he must return to the word which he forgot," Then Imam عليه السلام said, "from that place to the end of the Iqamah." (Imam عليه السلام was asked) about a man who forgets to separate between the Adhan and the Iqamah with something until he begins the prayer or establishes the prayer. Imam عليه السلام said: "There is nothing upon him, but he should not intentionally abandon that." Then Imam عليه السلام was asked: “What suffices as Tasbih between the Adhan and the Iqamah?” Imam عليه السلام said: "He should say: Alhamdulillah (All praise is due to Allah سبحانه وتعالى)."

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "Whoever makes a mistake in the Adhan and advances or delays (a part of it), he must return to the first part which he delayed and then proceed to the end of it."

Ali ibn Mahziyar from Ibn Abi Umayr from Abu Ayyub from Mu'adh ibn Kathir: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "If a man enters the mosque and he is not following the one leading the prayer, and only one or two verses remain for the Imam (to complete the prayer), and he fears that if he gives the Adhan and the Iqamah, the Imam will bow (for Ruku'), then he should say: 'Qad qamati al-salah, qad qamati al-salah, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, La ilaha illallah,' and then enter into the prayer."

From him, from some of our companions, from Isma'il ibn Jabir: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, would give the Adhan while someone else would give the Iqamah, and Imam عليه السلام would give the Iqamah after someone else had given the Adhan.

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Al-Barqi from Al-Nawfali from Al-Sakuni from (Imam) Ja'far عليه السلام from his father عليه السلام from his forefathers عليه السلام from (Imam) Ali عليه السلام, peace be upon him: "The Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, when He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم would enter the mosque and Bilal was giving the Iqamah for the prayer, He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم would sit down."

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Al-Hasan ibn Ali from Al-Husayn ibn Alwan from Amr ibn Khalid from Zayd ibn Ali from his forefathers from (Imam) Ali عليه السلام, peace be upon him: Two men entered the mosque after the people had already prayed, so (Imam) Ali عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said to them: "If you wish, let one of you lead the other in prayer, and there is no need for Adhan or Iqamah."

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Al-Hakam from Aban from Abu Basir from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I asked: “A man enters the mosque and the people have already prayed; should he give the Adhan and the Iqamah?” Imam عليه السلام said: "If he enters and the rows have not dispersed, he should pray with their Adhan and Iqamah. But if the rows have dispersed, he must give the Adhan and the Iqamah."

Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Zurarah from Isa ibn Abdullah Al-Hashimi from his father from his grandfather: (Imam) Ali عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "The Mu'adhdhin is entrusted, and the Imam is responsible."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Abdullah ibn Al-Mughira, from Ibn Sinan: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "The Sunnah regarding the Adhan on the Day of Arafah is that the Adhan and Iqamah should be given for Dhuhr, then he should pray, then he should stand and give the Iqamah for Asr without a new Adhan, and likewise for Maghrib and Isha at Muzdalifah."

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Ahmad ibn Al-Hasan ibn Ali from Amr ibn Sa'id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from Ammar Al-Sabati who said: I heard Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, say: "It is necessary for the sick person to give the Adhan and the Iqamah when he wishes to pray, even if it is within himself if he is not able to speak them." Imam عليه السلام was asked: “And if he is in intense pain?” Imam عليه السلام said: "It is still necessary for him to give the Adhan and the Iqamah, because there is no prayer without Adhan and Iqamah."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Musa ibn Isa who said: I wrote to Imam عليه السلام: “A man upon whom it is obligatory to repeat the prayer, does he repeat it with Adhan and Iqamah?” So Imam عليه السلام wrote: "He repeats it with Iqamah."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Muhammad ibn Isma'il, from Salih ibn Uqbah, from Yunus Al-Shaybani, from Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: I said to Imam عليه السلام: “Should I give the Adhan while riding?” Imam عليه السلام said: "Yes." I asked: “Then should I give the Iqamah while riding?” Imam عليه السلام said: "No." I asked: “Should I give the Iqamah while my foot is in the stirrup?” Imam عليه السلام said: "No." I asked: “Should I give the Iqamah while sitting?” Imam عليه السلام said: "No." I asked: “Should I give the Iqamah while walking?” Imam عليه السلام said: "Yes, while walking towards the prayer." Imam عليه السلام then said: "When you give the Iqamah for prayer, give it calmly, for you are in the prayer." I asked: “I had asked you if I could give the Iqamah while walking, and you said yes. So is it permissible for me to walk during the prayer?” Imam عليه السلام said: "Yes, if you enter through the door of the mosque and you say the Takbir while following a just Imam, then walk to the prayer, that suffices for you. And if the Imam (of prayer) has already said the Takbir for Ruku', you will catch up with him in the rak'ah, because if you find him while he is bowing and you did not catch the Takbir with him, then you would not have caught the Ruku' with him."

From him, from Ya'qub ibn Yazid, from Ibn Abi Umayr, from Mu'awiyah ibn Wahb: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: “The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, said: "Whoever gives the Adhan in a city among the cities of the Muslims for one year, Paradise becomes obligatory for him."

From him, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from his father, from Ibn Abi Umayr, from Zakariya, the companion of Al-Sabiri: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "Three will be in Paradise surrounded by the purest musk: a Mu'adhdhin who gave the Adhan seeking reward, an Imam (of prayer) who led a people and they were pleased with him, and a servant who obeys Allah سبحانه وتعالى and obeys his masters."

From him, from Al-Abbas, from Abdullah ibn Al-Mughira, from Bakr ibn Salim, from Sa'd Al-Iskafi who said: I heard Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, say: "Whoever gives the Adhan for seven years seeking reward will come on the Day of Judgment without any sin upon him."

Ahmad from Al-Barqi from Al-Nawfali from Al-Sakuni from (Imam) Ja'far عليه السلام from his father عليه السلام: (Imam) Ali عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "The last thing upon which I parted from the beloved of my heart (Prophet صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم), was that He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: ‘O Ali, when you pray, pray the prayer of the weakest among those behind you, and do not appoint a Mu'adhdhin who takes a wage for his Adhan.'"

Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Mahbub from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Hassan from Isa ibn Abdullah from his father from his grandfather: (Imam) Ali عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: “The Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى (may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family) said: ‘For the Mu'adhdhin, between the Adhan and the Iqamah, there is the reward similar to that of a martyr who is covered in his blood in the way of Allah سبحانه وتعالى.’" Imam عليه السلام said: "I asked: ‘O Messenger of Allah سبحانه وتعالى, they strive against one another for the Adhan!’" He صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم said: "No, indeed a time will come upon the people when they will cast the Adhan upon their weak ones, and those (Mu'adhdhins) will be bodies whose flesh Allah سبحانه وتعالى has made forbidden to the Fire."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Muhammad ibn Ali, from Mus'ab ibn Salam Al-Tamimi, from Sa'd ibn Tarif: Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "Whoever gives the Adhan for ten years seeking reward, Allah سبحانه وتعالى will forgive him for the distance his sight and voice reach into the sky, and every moist and dry thing that hears him will testify to his truthfulness, and for every person who prays with him in his mosque, he will have a share, and for every person who prays upon hearing his voice, he will receive a good deed."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Ja'far ibn Bashir, from Al-Arzami: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "Indeed, among the people with the longest necks on the Day of Resurrection will be the Mu'adhdhins."

From him, from Mu'awiyah ibn Hakim, from Sulayman ibn Ja'far, from his father who said: A man from the people of Sham entered upon Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, and said to Imam عليه السلام: "Indeed, the first to precede to Paradise was Bilal." He asked: "And why is that?" Imam عليه السلام said: "Because he was the first to give the Adhan."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Ali ibn Asbat, from Ali ibn Ja'far who said: I asked Abu Al-Hasan عليه السلام, peace be upon him, about giving the Adhan from the minaret, is it a Sunnah? Imam عليه السلام said: "The Adhan was given for the Prophet, may Allah سبحانه وتعالى bless him and his family, on the ground, and at that time there was no minaret."

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Ja'far ibn Bashir, from Al-Hasan ibn Al-Sarri: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "The Sunnah is to place your two fingers in your ears during the Adhan."

Sa'd from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Ja'far ibn Bashir from Dharih Al-Muharibi who said: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said to me: "Pray the Friday prayer according to the Adhan of these people, for they are the most diligent in observing the time."

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Al-Hakam and Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id from Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr from Hammad ibn Uthman from Muhammad ibn Khalid Al-Qasri who said: I said to Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him: “I fear that we might pray on Friday before the sun passes its zenith.” Imam عليه السلام said: "That responsibility is upon the Mu'adhdhins."

Sa'd from Al-Husayn ibn Umar ibn Yazid from Yunus ibn Abd Al-Rahman from Abdullah ibn Muskan who said: I saw Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, give the Adhan and the Iqamah without separating between them by sitting.

From him, from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn, from Ja'far ibn Bashir, from Hammad ibn Uthman, from Ubayd ibn Zurarah, from his father who said: I asked Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, about a man who forgot the Adhan and the Iqamah until he had entered into the prayer. Imam عليه السلام said: "He should continue with his prayer, for the Adhan is a Sunnah."

From him, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, from Dawud ibn Sirhan: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, (was asked) regarding a man who forgot the Adhan and the Iqamah until he had entered into the prayer. Imam عليه السلام said: "There is nothing upon him."

From him, from Abu Al-Jawza' Munabbih ibn Abdullah, from Al-Husayn ibn Alwan, from Amr ibn Khalid, from Abu Ja’far عليه السلام, peace be upon him, who said: We were with Imam عليه السلام when He عليه السلام heard the Iqamah of a neighbor for prayer. Imam عليه السلام said: "Stand up." We stood and prayed with Imam عليه السلام without Adhan and without Iqamah. Imam عليه السلام said: "The Adhan of your neighbor suffices you."

Al-Husayn ibn Sa'id from Fadalah from Hammad ibn Uthman from Imran Al-Halabi who said: I asked Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, about the Adhan at Fajr, whether it should be before the two rak'ahs or after them. Imam عليه السلام said: "If you are an Imam (of prayer) waiting for a congregation, then the Adhan should be before them. But if you are alone, it does not harm you whether you give the Adhan before them or after them."

Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Al-Hakam from Abu Al-Walid Hafs ibn Salim who said: I asked Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him: “When the Mu'adhdhin says ‘Qad qamati al-salah’ (The prayer has been established), should the people stand on their feet or should they remain seated until their Imam (of prayer) comes?” Imam عليه السلام said: "No, rather they should stand on their feet. If their Imam (of prayer) comes, they pray with him. And if he does not come, then a man from among the people should be taken by the hand and brought forward (to lead the prayer)."

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Ya'qub ibn Yazid from Ibn Abi Umayr from Abu Ali, the companion of Al-Anmat: Abu Abdillah عليه السلام, peace be upon him, or Abu Al-Hasan عليه السلام, peace be upon him, said: "The Adhan is to be given for Dhuhr after six rak'ahs, and the Adhan is to be given for Asr after six rak'ahs following Dhuhr."